Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions.

By Zinzi Bailey, N. Krieger, Madina Agénor, Jasmine Graves, N. Linos, M. Bassett. 2017

3,969 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: General Health Professions, Health, Sociology and Political Science

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Citations in the corpus

Racism and Health: Evidence and Needed Research (2019, background): “Racial residential segregation remains one of the most widely studied institutional mechanisms of racism and has been identified as a fundamental cause of racial health disparities owing to the multiple pathways through which it operates to have pervasive negative consequences on health (7, 39, 59, ”
Deconstructing Community-Based Collaborative Design (2019, background): “people of color) experience lower wages, higher rates of unemployment, lower qualities of healthcare, and disenfranchisement in a political context, dating back several centuries [3].”
Cancer statistics, 2023 (2023, background): “Ultimately, disproportionate wealth stems from hundreds of years of structural racism, including segregationist and discriminatory policies in criminal justice, housing, education, and employment that have altered the balance of prosperity, security, and other social determinants of health.(110) The”
Social and Structural Determinants of Health Inequities in Maternal Health (2020, background): “workers are not eligible, and many cannot afford time off without pay.(17) Around the rest of the globe, paid maternity leave is standard practice, averaging 18 weeks and extending beyond 6 months in many developed countries.”
What has economics got to do with it? The impact of socioeconomic factors on mental health and the case for collective action (2018, background): “have significant health inequalities by race and ethnicity (Bailey et al., 2017; Department of Health, 2009).”
Parental Education Better Helps White than Black Families Escape Poverty: National Survey of Children’s Health (2018, background): “All these are due to structural racism and diminish the effects of the very same SES indicators on the lives of minorities compared to Whites (Bailey et al. 2017).”
Racial and ethnic imbalance in neuroscience reference lists and intersections with gender (2020, methodology): “Academia and industry harbor racial and ethnic discrimination just as ubiquitously as other areas of our society (1, 2, 4).”
Health Disparities due to Diminished Return among Black Americans: Public Policy Solutions (2018, background): “Bailey et al. (2017) define structural racism as “the totality of ways in which societies foster [racial] discrimination, via mutually reinforcing [inequitable] systems..(e.g., in housing, education, employment, earnings, benefits, credit, media, health care, criminal justice, etc.) that in turn…”
Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023 (2023, background): “Much of this inequality stems from disproportionate wealth because of systemic racism.(110,111) In 2021, 24% of AIAN individuals and 20% of Black individuals lived below the poverty line compared with 9% of AAPI individuals and 8% of non‐Hispanic White individuals.”
The social determinants of mental health and disorder: evidence, prevention and recommendations (2024, background): “…risk factors are thought to be driven by structural racism – i.e., by interconnected, racially in equitable systems (e.g., housing, education, employment, health care, the legal system) that reinforce each other 158 to stigmatize, discriminate and disempower marginalized people 159 .”