Committee report: Guidelines for human startle eyeblink electromyographic studies.

By T. Blumenthal, B. Cuthbert, D. Filion, S. Hackley, O. Lipp, A. van Boxtel. Psychophysiology, 2005

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The emotive neuroscience of embodiment (2012, background): “The startle response is typically induced by loud (100 db) bursts of white noise with instantaneous rise time (Blumenthal et al. 2005).”
Social Psychophysiology for Social and Personality Psychology (2011, methodology): “Residual gel can create a conductive bridge on the skin area between the two electrodes, which will end up making recording the desired EMG signal impossible (Blumenthal et al., 2005).”
Don't fear ‘fear conditioning’: Methodological considerations for the design and analysis of studies on human fear acquisition, extinction, and return of fear (2017, positive): “the presentation of 2–10 startle probes) prior to the experiment is crucial to separate initial reactivity from task-related responses (Blumenthal et al., 2005; Blumenthal, 2015) (see 3.”
Pain-relief learning in flies, rats, and man: basic research and applied perspectives (2014, methodology): “It was recognized earlyon (Landis andHunt 1939) that the most reliableway to quantify startle is to focus on the eye closure component by means of the electromyogram of the musculus orbicularis oculi (Fig. 8; Blumenthal et al. 2005).”