In vitro electrical properties for iridium oxide versus titanium nitride stimulating electrodes

By J. Weiland, D. J. Anderson, M. Humayun. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2002

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Design of a high-resolution optoelectronic retinal prosthesis (2005, background): “Limits are imposed by maximal charge density on Pt, TiN and IrO x electrodes. electrodes in the array are separated by the three radii of the electrode (the cross-talk limit), the maximal pixel density can be then calculated as n = 1 9r 2 0 .”
A critical review of interfaces with the peripheral nervous system for the control of neuroprostheses and hybrid bionic systems (2005, background): “Capacitive electrodes such as titanium nitride might reduce the risk of corrosion under stimulation conditions, but their performance highly varies with the fabrication technology (Janders et al., 1996; Weiland et al., 2002).”
Retinal Prosthesis (2014, background): “Platinum grey[13] can inject 1 mC/cm2 and titanium nitride[49] can inject 0.”
Impedance characterization and modeling of electrodes for biomedical applications (2005, result): “This finding is expected and is well documented in previous studies [10], [29], [31].”