Early enteral feeding versus “nil by mouth” after gastrointestinal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials

By Stephen J. Lewis, Matthias Egger, P. Sylvester, Steven Thomas. British medical journal, 2001

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Enhanced recovery after surgery: a consensus review of clinical care for patients undergoing colonic resection. (2005, methodology): “A meta-analysis of controlled trials of early enteral or oral feeding versus ‘nil by mouth’ after GI surgery concluded there is no clear advantage to keeping patients fasting after elective GI resection.(75) Early feeding reduced both the risk of any type of infection and the mean length of stay in ”
Malnutrition in hospital outpatients and inpatients: prevalence, concurrent validity and ease of use of the ‘malnutrition universal screening tool’ (‘MUST’) for adults† (2004, methodology): “To support this, there are many reviews, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses that detail the evidence base for the treatment of malnutrition (e.g. Potter et al. 1998; Akner & Cederholm, 2001; Lewis et al. 2001; Stratton et al. 2003).”
Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Elective Colonic Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society Recommendations (2012, background): “RCTs of early enteral or oral feeding versus ‘nil by mouth’ show that early feeding reduces the risk of infection and LOSH, and is not associated with an increased risk of anastomotic dehiscence [191–193].”