Significantly reducing electrical resistivity by forming conductive Ni chains in a polyurethane shape-memory polymer/carbon-black composite

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Shape memory polymers for composites (2018, background): “For example, nickle powder is formed to chain under magnetic field [10,11], or using carbon black to connect short carbon fibers can increase the conductance by 100 times [104].”
Shape memory polymers and their composites in aerospace applications: a review (2014, background): “Moreover, when a small amount of Ni powders was added to the SMP filled with carbon black, the electrical resistivity can reduce significantly when the Ni powders form chains; otherwise, the effect is slight [112].”
A review of shape memory polymer composites and blends (2009, background): “[18,169,170] investigated and improved the electrical conductivity of SMPUs by forming a conductive Ni powder chain in SMPs under”
A Brief Review of Stimulus-active Polymers Responsive to Thermal, Light, Magnetic, Electric, and Water/Solvent Stimuli (2010, background): “…systems (Gall et al., 2002), self-deployable sun sails in spacecrafts (Sokolowski et al., 1999), miniature manipulator (Smela et al., 1995), actuators and sensors (Bar-Cohen and Zhang, 2008; Leng et al., 2008a), active sound absorbing materials, flexible speakers (Bar-Cohen, 2001), and many more.”
Review of electro-active shape-memory polymer composite (2009, background): “As shown in Fig. 6, almost full recovery is observed in 120 s [ 22 ].”