Sustained growth and increased tolerance to glyphosate observed in a C3 perennial weed, quackgrass (Elytrigia repens), grown at elevated carbon dioxide

By L. Ziska, John Teasdale. 2000

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Agroecosystem responses to combinations of elevated CO2, ozone, and global climate change (2003, background): “Ziska et al. (1999)and Ziska and Teasdale (2000)observed that the tolerance to glyphosate, a widely used, phloem mobile, post-emergence herbicide, was higher in the C3 weed species Lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium albumL.) when the plants were grown at elevated CO2, as compared to the ambient CO2…”
Climate change and weed adaptation: can evolution of invasive plants lead to greater range expansion than forecasted? (2011, background): “…species such as Cirsium arvense L. (creeping or Canada thistle) and Elytrigia repens Nevski (couchgrass, quackgrass), may be significantly reduced when plants are grown under projected higher CO2 levels compared with ambient levels (Ziska et al., 1999; Ziska & Teasdale, 2000; Ziska & Goins, 2006).”
Agriculture Development, Pesticide Application and Its Impact on the Environment (2021, background): “In addition, if vegetative growth is stimulated owing to increased photosynthesis in response to elevated CO2, perennial weeds may become even more noxious [143].”
Control of yellow and purple nutsedge in elevated CO2 environments with glyphosate and halosulfuron (2015, background): “Additionally, C3 plants have been shown to have decreased stomatal conductance and increased leaf thickness in elevated CO2 which may also limit foliar uptake of herbicides (Ziska and Teasdale, 2000; Ainsworth and Long, 2005).”