Overview of epidemiologic studies of diabetic retinopathy.

By Barbara E. Klein. Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 2007

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Diabetic retinopathy: global prevalence, major risk factors, screening practices and public health challenges: a review (2016, background): “Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a specific microvascular complication of DM, remains the leading cause of acquired vision loss worldwide in middle-aged and therefore economically active people.(1,3,4) With the increasing number of people with diabetes, the number of DR and vision-threatening DR (VTDR), w”
Optical coherence tomography angiography: A comprehensive review of current methods and clinical applications (2017, background): “One of the major challenges in the diagnosis and management of DR is that the clinical presentation of the disease occurs 10 to 20-years after the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type II or 5 to 10 years after the diagnosis of type I diabetes mellitus (Klein 2007).”
Role of Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy (2018, background): “Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the primary cause of visual impairment in the working-age population of the Western world [1].”
Global Prevalence and Major Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy (2012, neutral): “iabetic retinopathy (DR) is the lead- ingcauseofblindnessamongworking-agedadultsaroundtheworld(1). the signi ﬁ cance of this problem, and the rising prevalence of diabetes notably in emerging Asian countries such as India and China (2,3), there are few precise contemporary estimates of the…”