Modeling friction effects on the ballistic impact behavior of a single-ply high-strength fabric

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Recent advances in modeling and experiments of Kevlar ballistic fibrils, fibers, yarns and flexible woven textile fabrics – a review (2017, methodology): “The meso-scale yarn-level 3D orthotropic continuum model is developed by explicitly modeling all the yarns in a fabric using solid FE elements, as shown Figure 8(c).(48,144,157,158) Modeling at the yarn length scale using solid elements allows capturing the yarn undulations and inter-yarn friction d”
Study of the knife stab and puncture-resistant performance for shear thickening fluid enhanced fabric (2014, background): “The mobility of yarns in fabric, which was restricted by the inter-yarn friction, played an important role in the fabric failure of the ‘windowing’ effect.(26) Finally, the influence of the fabric with different dispersing medium on the inter-yarn friction was according to that on the knife stab and”
Modelling inter‐yarn friction in woven fabric armour (2006, methodology): “[13, 14] presented a similar FE model in LS-DYNA, which was able to account for yarn sliding and frictional effects between interwoven yarns.”
Ballistic performance of Kevlar fabric impregnated with nanosilica/PEG shear thickening fluid (2019, background): “High strength and toughness fabrics such as Kevlar, Twaron and Spectr a and composites made from these fabrics are usually used as soft body armor [3, 4].”