Gravitational radiation from an axion cloud around a black hole: Superradiant phase
By H. Yoshino, H. Kodama. 2013
187 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Motivated by the possible existence of string axions with ultralight masses, we study gravitational radiation from an axion cloud around a rotating black hole (BH). The axion cloud extracts the rotation energy of the BH by superradiant instability, while it loses energy through the emission of gravitational waves (GWs). In this paper, GWs are treated as perturbations on a fixed background spacetime to derive the energy emission rate. We give an analytic approximate formula for the case where the axion Compton wavelength is much larger than the BH radius, and then present numerical results without approximation. The energy loss rate of the axion cloud through GW emission turns out to be smaller than the energy gain rate of the axion cloud by superradiant instability until nonlinear self-interactions of axions become important. In particular, an axion bosenova must happen at the last stage of superradiant instability.
Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b641d0e4dc90adb700077b87a8a5742d9fbd709d
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Citations in the corpus
- Reconstructing the spectral shape of a stochastic gravitational wave background with LISA (2019, background): “On the other hand, other astrophysical phenomena may contribute as well to produce stochastic backgrounds, from stellar core collapse [101–105], to r-mode instability of neutron stars [106–109], magnetars [110, 111], or superradiant instabilities [112–116].”
- Superradiance: Energy Extraction, Black-Hole Bombs and Implications for Astrophysics and Particle Physics (2015, methodology): “[340] considered a flat-metric approximation.”
- The spectra of gravitational atoms (2019, background): “While superradiance with scalar fields has been studied extensively in the past [6–18], the exploration of vector fields is much more recent [19–28].”
- Constraining the mass of dark photons and axion-like particles through black-hole superradiance (2018, background): “Nonlinear evolutions are still in their infancy [26], but as we remarked it is thought that backreaction can be included using a perturbative approach [18, 30, 43].”
- Superradiance (2015, background): “the wavelength being in general smaller than the size of the source, r cloud. Thus, even though the cloud is nonrelativistic, the quadrupole formula does not apply because the emission is incoherent [9,343,344,480]. However, due to the separation of scales between the size of the cloud and the BH si”
- Detecting high-frequency gravitational waves with microwave cavities (2021, background): “[102] Hirotaka Yoshino and Hideo Kodama, “Gravitational radiation from an axion cloud around a black hole: Superradiant phase,” PTEP 2014, 043E02 (2014), arXiv:1312.”
- Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network (2020, background): “, 116, 117], or more speculatively, superradiance from axion clouds [118].”
- Challenges and opportunities of gravitational-wave searches at MHz to GHz frequencies (2020, background): “…particles created by the gravitational superradiance of BHs (Ternov et al. 1978; Zouros and Eardley 1979; Arvanitaki et al. 2010; Arvanitaki and Dubovsky 2011; Arvanitaki and Geraci 2013; Aggarwal et al. 2020; Detweiler 1980; Yoshino and Kodama 2014; Arvanitaki et al. 2015; Brito et al. 2015a, b).”