Phenotypic plasticity rather than locally adapted ecotypes allows the invasive alligator weed to colonize a wide range of habitats

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Ecological Genetics of Plant Invasion: What Do We Know? (2008, background): “Evidence for plasticity comes from a recent common garden study by Geng et al. (2007), in which genetically identical alligator weed plants collected from different locations in China showed similar changes in root/shoot biomass partitioning when grown in terrestrial vs. aquatic environments.”
Effects of clonal integration and light availability on the growth and physiology of two invasive herbs (2010, background): “The thickened taproots of A. philoxeroides are the major resource pool to support its vegetative growth, and are an important factor determining its performance (Geng et al. 2007; Wilson et al. 2007).”
Climate change and weed adaptation: can evolution of invasive plants lead to greater range expansion than forecasted? (2011, methodology): “The appraisal of whether phenotypic plasticity or evolutionary adaptation is the mechanism at play can be determined on a case-by-case basis via use of molecular markers or common garden experiments (Williams et al., 1995; DeWalt & Hamrick, 2004; Geng et al., 2007).”
Rethinking the common garden in invasion research. (2009, background): “(2004b) and Genton et al. (2005), which included replicated gardens within each of the N & I provenances to incorporate a geographic component into the inference space. Maron et al. (2004b) were interested in examining latitudinal trends in the evolution of invasive species between replicates within”