Performance improvement of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane by blending with polyaniline nanofibers

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Novel polyethersulfone nanocomposite membrane prepared by PANI/Fe3O4 nanoparticles with enhanced performance for Cu(II) removal from water (2012, unknown): “Furthermore, polyaniline nanofibers were widely used as a pore former and additive in improving protein retention and antifouling properties of ultrafiltration membrane [29–32].”
Polymer-matrix nanocomposite membranes for water treatment (2015, background): “[138] found that the hydrophilic PANI nanofibers migrated from polymer matrix to the surface during the membrane formation, leading to the formation of membranes with higher hydrophilicity, porosity and pore connectivity.”
Mixed Matrix Membranes for Water Purification Applications (2017, background): “investigated the optimal concentration of PANI nanofibers in nanocomposite membranes (122).”
Recent developments in environmental photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants: the case of titanium dioxide nanoparticles—a review (2015, methodology): “However, like any other membranes, PS membranes have limitations to be used in water-treatment processes because they easily get fouled, have a low permeate flux, and are hydrophobic in nature [310, 311, 320], hence the need to modify their properties.”