Superconductivity in diamond
By E. Ekimov, V. Sidorov, E. Bauer, N. Mel'nik, Nicholas Curro, Joe D. Thompson, S. Stishov. Nature, 2004
1,007 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Diamond is an electrical insulator well known for its exceptional hardness. It also conducts heat even more effectively than copper, and can withstand very high electric fields. With these physical properties, diamond is attractive for electronic applications, particularly when charge carriers are introduced (by chemical doping) into the system. Boron has one less electron than carbon and, because of its small atomic radius, boron is relatively easily incorporated into diamond; as boron acts as a charge acceptor, the resulting diamond is effectively hole-doped. Here we report the discovery of superconductivity in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure (nearly 100,000 atmospheres) and temperature (2,500–2,800 K). Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and field-dependent resistance measurements show that boron-doped diamond is a bulk, type-II superconductor below the superconducting transition temperature Tc ≈ 4 K; superconductivity survives in a magnetic field up to Hc2(0) ≥ 3.5 T. The discovery of superconductivity in diamond-structured carbon suggests that Si and Ge, which also form in the diamond structure, may similarly exhibit superconductivity under the appropriate conditions.
Subfields: Geophysics, Materials Chemistry
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b48f0e24fc9d02e659a7e8fe6f5f347bf6f67188
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Citations in the corpus
- Microscopic theory of hardness and design of novel superhard crystals (2012, background): “Superconductivity has been recently found in boron-doped diamond synthesized at high pressure and temperature [71].”
- Insight into boron-doped diamond Raman spectra characteristic features (2017, background): “Boron and carbon isotopic shifts of the L1 line are not fully consistent to assign this line to boron dimers or boron-carbon vibrations [16].”
- A perspective on conventional high-temperature superconductors at high pressure: Methods and materials (2019, background): “to induce metallicity in insulating crystals. It is well known that by introducing enough electron or hole-donating impurities one can render a semiconducting system metallic and even superconducting [484, 485, 486]. As a matter of fact the class of molecular crystals containing light elements like ”
- Phonon-glass electron-crystal thermoelectric clathrates : Experiments and theory (2014, background): “It was followed by the discovery of the superconductivity in diamond (Ekimov et al., 2004) and diamondstructured Si (Bustarret et al., 2006).”