(Nano)plastics in the environment - Sources, fates and effects.

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Toxicity of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Mammalian Systems (2020, background): “than 1 μm in size are also known as nanoplastics (NPs) [9,10].”
Microplastics Generation: Onset of Fragmentation of Polyethylene Films in Marine Environment Mesocosms (2017, background): “Combination of land conditions (temperature, UV, mechanical stress) can lead to relative rapid transformation of polyethylene films into microplastics, which are much harder to detect and collect from the seawater (da Costa et al., 2016).”
Occurrence, identification and removal of microplastic particles and fibers in conventional activated sludge process and advanced MBR technology. (2018, background): “…microplastics found in the environment have been noticed to belong to even smaller size range (Klein et al., 2015; Ziajahromi et al., 2017) the lower size limit was decreased below 50 mm (Carr et al., 2016; Talvitie et al., 2015, 2017a) and even to the range of nanoplastics (da Costa et al., 2016).”