The Solar Cycle
By D. Hathaway. 2010
799 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The solar cycle is reviewed. The 11-year cycle of solar activity is characterized by the rise and fall in the numbers and surface area of sunspots. A number of other solar activity indicators also vary in association with the sunspots including; the 10.7 cm radio flux, the total solar irradiance, the magnetic field, flares and coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic activity, galactic cosmic ray fluxes, and radioisotopes in tree rings and ice cores. Individual solar cycles are characterized by their maxima and minima, cycle periods and amplitudes, cycle shape, the equatorward drift of the active latitudes, hemispheric asymmetries, and active longitudes. Cycle-to-cycle variability includes the Maunder Minimum, the Gleissberg Cycle, and the Gnevyshev-Ohl (even-odd) Rule. Short-term variability includes the 154-day periodicity, quasi-biennial variations, and double-peaked maxima. We conclude with an examination of prediction techniques for the solar cycle and a closer look at cycles 23 and 24.
Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
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The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Astronomy and Astrophysics
- I. Usoskin
- G. Kovaltsov
- S. Solanki
- M. Lockwood
- Galina Bazilevskaya
- M. Owens
- Dibyendu Nandy
- R. Forsyth
In Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
- I. Usoskin
- Y. Elsworth
- Bernhard Schölkopf
- R. Forsyth
- Jan Peters
- Joris M. Mooij
- Dominik Janzing
- M. Owens
Citations in the corpus
- Distinguishing Cause from Effect Using Observational Data: Methods and Benchmarks (2014, methodology): “The sunspot data (Hathaway, 2010) are taken from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and were downloaded from http://solarscience.”
- A Combined Analysis of the Observational Aspects of the Quasi-biennial Oscillation in Solar Magnetic Activity (2014, background): “…Storini et al. 2003; Storini and Laurenza 2003; Sello 2003; Wang 2004; Knaack and Stenflo 2005; Knaack et al. 2005; Ataç et al. 2005; Kane 2006; Hathaway 2010; Vecchio et al. 2010, 2012a,b; Laurenza et al. 2012), have argued that one of the main features of the QBO is a temporal weakening of…”
- A New Calibrated Sunspot Group Series Since 1749: Statistics of Active Day Fractions (2015, background): “Solar activity regularly changes in the course of the 11-year Schwabe cycle, in addition to which it also shows slower secular variability (see, e.g. , the review by Hathaway, 2015).”
- The Solar Orbiter mission (2020, background): “Models to explain the solar cycle variation (Hathaway 2015) assume a background level of open magnetic flux (see also Owens et al. 2008) to which CMEs contribute additional flux around the maxima of the solar activity cycle.”
- The Heliospheric Magnetic Field (2013, background): “The solar cycle evolution of photospheric magnetic flux has been well characterised by three complete cycles of observation (Schrijver and DeRosa, 2003; Hathaway, 2010).”
- Progress in Solar Cycle Predictions: Sunspot Cycles 24–25 in Perspective (2020, background): “These long-term observations illuminate various facets of the sunspot cycle on the one hand (Hathaway, 2015) and on the other hand, provide important constraints on the solar dynamo mechanism (Nandy and Choudhuri, 2002) and motivate various approaches for solar cycle predictions (Petrovay, 2020).”