Environmental Regulations in Gravity Equations: Evidence from Europe

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Environmental Regulation and Competitiveness: Evidence from Romania (2012, methodology): “Jug and Mirza (2005) proposed an alternative explanatio for the low and insignificant effect of strict environmental policies on trade flows which is not related to environmental features but rather to the degree of product differentiation.”
Environmental regulation and the export dynamics of energy technologies (2008, background): “Recent examples of such analyses are Greter and de Melo (2003), Harris et al. (2002), Jug and Mirza (2005), van Beers and van den Bergh (2000), all addressing for the existence of a pollution haven path of trade flows related to more stringent environmental regulation.”
Environmental Regulation and French Firms Location Abroad: An Economic Geography Model in an International Comparative Study (2012, unknown): “An exception is Jug and Mirza (2005), where authors derive a structural gravity equation to show that environmental regulation is a determinant of trade flows.”