General Metasurface Synthesis Based on Susceptibility Tensors

By K. Achouri, M. A. Salem, Christophe Caloz. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2014

391 citations recorded by the source corpus.

A general method, based on susceptibility tensors, is proposed for the synthesis of metasurfaces transforming arbitrary incident waves into arbitrary reflected and transmitted waves. The proposed method exhibits two advantages: 1) it is inherently vectorial, and therefore better suited for full vectorial (beyond paraxial) electromagnetic problems; 2) it provides closed-form solutions, and is therefore extremely fast. Incidentally, the method reveals that a metasurface is fundamentally capable to transform up to four independent wave triplets (incident, reflected, and refracted waves). In addition, this paper provides the closed-form expressions relating the synthesized susceptibilities and the scattering parameters simulated within periodic boundary conditions, which allows one to design the scattering particles realizing the desired susceptibilities. The versatility of the method is illustrated by examples of metasurfaces achieving the following transformations: generalized refraction, reciprocal and nonreciprocal polarization rotation, Bessel vortex beam generation, and orbital angular momentum multiplexing.

Subfields: Aerospace Engineering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b2bdb010d98aea5cb331c6cb6a28313692f1b40f

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Citations in the corpus

Metantenna: When Metasurface Meets Antenna Again (2020, background): “Due to the electrically small size of array elements, metasurfaces can be described by effective surface EM parameters such as electric susceptibility and magnetic susceptibility without spatial dispersion [32]–[34].”
Perfect control of reflection and refraction using spatially dispersive metasurfaces (2016, background): “Subsequently, another approach based on generalized boundary conditions and the use of symmetric metasurfaces was proposed by several researchers [12–15].”
Smart Radio Environments Empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: How It Works, State of Research, and The Road Ahead (2020, methodology): “Our analytical formulation is mostly based on [31]–[33].”
Metasurfaces and their applications (2018, background): “The impedance sheet has been analyzed by some as a discontinuity in space, and a closely formed solution characterizing the electric and magnetic susceptibilities has been put forward [106].”
Spacetime Metamaterials—Part II: Theory and Applications (2020, background): “This device results from the recent development of metasurface synthesis techniques and particularly the general sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) technique coupled with bianisotropic susceptibilities [41], [93].”
Smart Radio Environments Empowered by Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: How it Works, State of Research, and Road Ahead (2020, methodology): “It is worth mentioning that the approach reported in this subsection is widely employed in the fields of electromagnetism and metamaterials, and our treatise is mainly based on the theories available in [29], [30], [31], [32], [33].”
Toward Smart Wireless Communications via Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces: A Contemporary Survey (2019, background): “In particular, based on the application requirements, the structural parameters of the scattering elements constituting the meta-surface have to be recalculated by a synthesis approach [38], [39], which is in general computational demanding.”
Smart radio environments empowered by reconfigurable AI meta-surfaces: an idea whose time has come (2019, methodology): “Ameta-surface is, in practice, an electromagnetic discontinuity, which can be defined as a complex electromagnetic structure that is typically deeply sub-wavelength in thickness, is electrically large in transverse size, and is composed of sub-wavelength scattering particles with extremely small fea”
Wireless Communications Through Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (2019, background): “The zero-thickness sheet model of the meta-surfaces is a good starting point to build such models [99].”
Susceptibility Derivation and Experimental Demonstration of Refracting Metasurfaces Without Spurious Diffraction (2018, methodology): “For p-polarization, and assuming that the metasurface is reciprocal and surrounded by air, the corresponding relations are found, following the procedure in [17], as:”
Arbitrary Power-Conserving Field Transformations With Passive Lossless Omega-Type Bianisotropic Metasurfaces (2016, methodology): “As this is typically undesirable from an implementation perspective, numerical optimization schemes may sometimes be used to refine these field quantities to reduce the required loss and gain values [8], [20].”
Nonreciprocal Nongyrotropic Magnetless Metasurface (2016, methodology): “This consists in substituting the electromagnetic fields of the corresponding transformation into (10), as described in [36].”