DTCO including Sustainability: Power-Performance-Area-Cost-Environmental score (PPACE) Analysis for Logic Technologies

By M. Garcia Bardon, P. Wuytens, L. Ragnarsson, G. Mirabelli, D. Jang, G. Willems, A. Mallik, A. Spessot, J. Ryckaert, B. Parvais. 2020

Driven by concerns on climate change, resources depletion, local and global pollution, sustainability is becoming an integral component of business and of regulations. The progress of Design Technology Co- Optimization (DTCO) methodologies and tools, building transversal knowledge from manufacturing to design, provides an opportunity to develop a framework for early sustainability assessments of logic technologies. Environmental scores can be derived together with the established Power, Performance, Area, Cost (PPAC) metrics. To demonstrate this approach, we evaluate the energy and water consumption as well as the greenhouse gas emissions trends from processing logic nodes from iN28 to iN3 with different scaling scenarios.

Subfields: ML Systems & Hardware

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Sustainable AI: Environmental Implications, Challenges and Opportunities (2021, background): “In addition to the respective performance, power, and cost profiles, the environmental footprint characteristics of processors over the generations of CMOS technologies, DDRx and HBM memory technologies, SSD/NAND-flash/HDD storage technologies can be orders-of-magnitude different [78].”
ACT: designing sustainable computer systems with an architectural carbon modeling tool (2022, background): “Similarly, Figure 6 (middle) illustrates the rising carbon emissions from chemicals and gases (GPA) [33].”
Socio-Technological Challenges and Opportunities: Paths Forward (2021, background): “…there is a carbon cost associated with manufacturing and operating the IT ecosystem, this cost must be evaluated holistically [Chang et al., 2010, Bardon et al., 2020, Gupta et al., 2021, Patterson et al., 2021] in light of the benefits such an ecosystem can provide in other domains [Hager et…”