Planck stars

By Carlo Rovelli, F. Vidotto. 2014

260 citations recorded by the source corpus.

A star that collapses gravitationally can reach a further stage of its life, where quantum-gravitational pressure counteracts weight. The duration of this stage is very short in the star proper time, yielding a bounce, but extremely long seen from the outside, because of the huge gravitational time dilation. Since the onset of quantum-gravitational effects is governed by energy density —not by size— the star can be much larger than planckian in this phase. The object emerging at the end of the Hawking evaporation of a black hole can then be larger than planckian by a factor (m/mP ) , where m is the mass fallen into the hole, mP is the Planck mass, and n is positive. We consider arguments for n = 1/3 and for n = 1. There is no causality violation or faster-than-light propagation. The existence of these objects alleviates the black-hole information paradox. More interestingly, these objects could have astrophysical and cosmological interest: they produce a detectable signal, of quantum gravitational origin, around the 10−14cm wavelength.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b15797fe342fb9da5ee94a385e0b5371e9ea4a21

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Citations in the corpus

A living theory catalogue for fast radio bursts (2018, background): “will explode outwards (or bounce) to form a white hole (WH) (Hawking, 1974). Due to their age, PBHs or Planck stars are the strongest candidates to form WHs which may be observable today (Carr, 1975; Rovelli and Vidotto, 2014), and the energy they release is consistent with FRBs (Barrau et al., 2018”
A novel family of rotating black hole mimickers (2021, background): “The two estimates correspond to different ways of identifying the threshold: in the first, quantum gravity becomes dominant when the radius of the collapsing object becomes of order the Planck length, in the second when the density is of order the Planck density [49, 50].”
Transcending the ensemble: baby universes, spacetime wormholes, and the order and disorder of black hole information (2020, background): “The plethora of proposals for new physics that might be associated with obtaining this Page curve (including [3, 7–39]) were thus all properly viewed as speculative and contained at least some optimistic extrapolation or ad hoc ingredient.”
Quantum-gravity effects outside the horizon spark black to white hole tunneling (2014, background): “The bounce could lead to observable phenomena [12] whose phenomenology has been investigated in [13].”
Born–Infeld inspired modifications of gravity (2017, background): “Indeed, the standard lore of the field states that, as the curvature grows to reach Planckian values, an improved theory of gravity properly incorporating quantum effects should avoid the formation of singularities during the last stages of the gravitational collapse [212, 41, 373, 320, 49, 247].”
Black-bounce to traversable wormhole (2018, background): “In the region where the geometry represents a regular black hole the geometry is unusual in that it describes a bounce into a future incarnation of the universe, rather than a bounce back into our own universe [30–42].”
White holes as remnants: a surprising scenario for the end of a black hole (2018, background): “The volume of the “Planck star” [2], namely the minimal radius surface is”
Phenomenological aspects of black holes beyond general relativity (2018, background): “This kind of bouncing behavior was first studied in [25– 28], but has been independently proposed more recently in scenarios inspired by emergent gravity [29–31] and loop quantum gravity [32, 33].”
Tests for the existence of black holes through gravitational wave echoes (2017, unknown): “Quantum stars∗ UCOs – ClePhOs 7 7 7 7 [127,128] Fire-walls∗ ClePhOs 7 7 7 ∼ [129–131] [24, 132]”