Chronic Inflammation in Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome

By R. Monteiro, I. Azevedo. Mediators of Inflammation, 2010

1,131 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The increasing incidence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome is disturbing. The activation of inflammatory pathways, used normally as host defence, reminds the seriousness of this condition. There is probably more than one cause for activation of inflammation. Apparently, metabolic overload evokes stress reactions, such as oxidative, inflammatory, organelle and cell hypertrophy, generating vicious cycles. Adipocyte hypertrophy, through physical reasons, facilitates cell rupture, what will evoke an inflammatory reaction. Inability of adipose tissue development to engulf incoming fat leads to deposition in other organs, mainly in the liver, with consequences on insulin resistance. The oxidative stress which accompanies feeding, particularly when there is excessive ingestion of fat and/or other macronutrients without concomitant ingestion of antioxidant-rich foods/beverages, may contribute to inflammation attributed to obesity. Moreover, data on the interaction of microbiota with food and obesity brought new hypothesis for the obesity/fat diet relationship with inflammation. Beyond these, other phenomena, for instance psychological and/or circadian rhythm disturbances, may likewise contribute to oxidative/inflammatory status. The difficulty in the management of obesity/metabolic syndrome is linked to their multifactorial nature where environmental, genetic and psychosocial factors interact through complex networks.

Subfields: Epidemiology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b152d098117fb2d7262d71f7f94003b73610bc48

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In Physiology

1. E. Joh
2. Dong-Hyun Kim
3. Kyung-Ah Kim
4. Wan Gu
5. In-Ah Lee

Citations in the corpus

• Obesity and Cancer Mechanisms: Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation. (2016, background): “This is paralleled by the increased production ofMCP-1 and several other cytokines that are traditionally involved in wound healing.(26) In addition to recruitment, MCP-1may also stimulate proliferation of macrophages within adipose tissue.”
• Oxidative stress and metabolic disorders: Pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. (2016, background): “of oxygen, accumulation of cellular damage, diet and mitochondrial activity [65-69].”
• High Fat Diet-Induced Gut Microbiota Exacerbates Inflammation and Obesity in Mice via the TLR4 Signaling Pathway (2012, background): “However, recent studies have demonstrated that a variety of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, as well as increased oxidative stress as reflected in increased reactive oxygen species, could accelerate the development of metabolic syndrome [4,5].”
• Chlorogenic Acid: Recent Advances on Its Dual Role as a Food Additive and a Nutraceutical against Metabolic Syndrome (2017, background): “A so, chronic inflammation has bee associated with metabolic syndrome [57].”
• Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Obesity (2011, background): “The amount of internalized FFA in liver is not regulated; thus, it is proportional to the plasma, in addition it also increases lipogenesis in the body and enhances intracellular accumulation of TG [34].”