Lower estimated GFR and higher albuminuria are associated with adverse kidney outcomes in both general and high-risk populations

By R. Gansevoort, K. Matsushita, Marije van der Velde, B. Astor, M. Woodward, A. Levey, P. D. de Jong, Josef Coresh. Kidney International, 2011

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Both low eGFR and albuminuria are known risk factors for ESRD. This paper focuses on their joint contribution to ESRD and other kidney outcomes. We performed a collaborative meta-analysis of 9 general population cohorts with 845,125 participants and 8 cohorts with 173,892 participants selected because of high risk for chronic kidney disease. Both eGFR and albuminuria were tested as risk factors for ESRD, acute kidney injury and progressive chronic kidney disease. In general population cohorts, the risk for ESRD was unrelated to eGFR at values 75–105 ml/min/1.73m2 and increased exponentially at lower eGFR. Hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) at eGFR 60, 45, and 15 (versus 95) ml/min/1.73m2 were 3.69 (2.36–5.76), 29.3 (19.5–44.1) and 454.9 (112.4–1840.2), respectively, after adjustment for albumin-to-creatinine ratio and cardiovascular risk factors. Albuminuria was associated with ESRD risk linearly without thresholds. Adjusted hazard ratios at albumin-to-creatinine ratios 30, 300 and 1000 (versus 5) mg/g were 4.87 (2.30–10.3), 13.4 (5.49–32.7) and 28.4 (14.9–54.2), respectively. eGFR and albuminuria were multiplicatively associated with ESRD, without evidence for interaction. Similar, but numerically less pronounced associations were observed for acute kidney injury and progressive chronic kidney disease. The findings in high risk cohorts were generally comparable to those in general population cohorts. In conclusion, lower eGFR and higher albuminuria are risk factors for ESRD, acute kidney injury and progressive chronic kidney disease independent of each other and of cardiovascular risk factors, both in the general population and high risk cohorts.

Subfields: Nephrology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b03cd681e8bfb7230f62b95a96ec16783f08fa14

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