Effect Size Guidelines, Sample Size Calculations, and Statistical Power in Gerontology
By C. Brydges. Innovation in aging, 2019
720 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract Background and Objectives Researchers typically use Cohen’s guidelines of Pearson’s r = .10, .30, and .50, and Cohen’s d = 0.20, 0.50, and 0.80 to interpret observed effect sizes as small, medium, or large, respectively. However, these guidelines were not based on quantitative estimates and are only recommended if field-specific estimates are unknown. This study investigated the distribution of effect sizes in both individual differences research and group differences research in gerontology to provide estimates of effect sizes in the field. Research Design and Methods Effect sizes (Pearson’s r, Cohen’s d, and Hedges’ g) were extracted from meta-analyses published in 10 top-ranked gerontology journals. The 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile ranks were calculated for Pearson’s r (individual differences) and Cohen’s d or Hedges’ g (group differences) values as indicators of small, medium, and large effects. A priori power analyses were conducted for sample size calculations given the observed effect size estimates. Results Effect sizes of Pearson’s r = .12, .20, and .32 for individual differences research and Hedges’ g = 0.16, 0.38, and 0.76 for group differences research were interpreted as small, medium, and large effects in gerontology. Discussion and Implications Cohen’s guidelines appear to overestimate effect sizes in gerontology. Researchers are encouraged to use Pearson’s r = .10, .20, and .30, and Cohen’s d or Hedges’ g = 0.15, 0.40, and 0.75 to interpret small, medium, and large effects in gerontology, and recruit larger samples.
Subfields: Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Statistics and Probability
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/afd962ae42b158345acda88cb99fb042bd6bfb3a
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In Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
In Psychiatry and Mental health
In Statistics and Probability
Citations in the corpus
- Evaluation of a decided sample size in machine learning applications (2023, result): “In order to get an immaculate Cohen’s d, x 1 , x 2 , s 1 and s 2 must be deterministic; however, they are usually taken from previous studies [16, 19, 55].”