Computer simulations of the collapse of a granular column

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Viscoplastic modeling of granular column collapse with pressure-dependent rheology (2015, methodology): “Similarly, 3D DEM (soft particle dynamics) of laterally wider dam-break granular collapse (Girolami [19]) reproduced quantitatively the dynamics and the deposit observed experimentally with a grain/grain friction coefficient µm = 0.5, a particlewall friction µw = 0.5, and an empirical additional dis”
The granular column collapse as a continuum: validity of a two-dimensional Navier–Stokes model with a μ(I)-rheology (2011, methodology): “…of the column collapse were performed using discrete methods, namely solving individual grain trajectories taking into account interactions with neighbours while neglecting the influence of the surrounding air and of confining walls (Zenit 2005; Staron & Hinch 2005, 2007; Lacaze et al. 2008).”
Gravity currents: a personal perspective (2006, background): “However, these have generally produced results which are heavily dependent upon intergranular friction and the exact shape of the grains (Zenit 2005; Staron & Hinch 2006).”
Study of the collapse of granular columns using two-dimensional discrete-grain simulation (2005, methodology): “Zenit (2005) has reported results of numerical discrete simulations in which he finds similar values for the runout, but no clear transition in its behaviour depending on a.”