Systematic review of reviews of intervention components associated with increased effectiveness in dietary and physical activity interventions

By C. Greaves, K. Sheppard, C. Abraham, W. Hardeman, M. Roden, P. Evans, P. Schwarz. BMC Public Health, 2011

1,121 citations recorded by the source corpus.

BackgroundTo develop more efficient programmes for promoting dietary and/or physical activity change (in order to prevent type 2 diabetes) it is critical to ensure that the intervention components and characteristics most strongly associated with effectiveness are included. The aim of this systematic review of reviews was to identify intervention components that are associated with increased change in diet and/or physical activity in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library were searched for systematic reviews of interventions targeting diet and/or physical activity in adults at risk of developing type 2 diabetes from 1998 to 2008. Two reviewers independently selected reviews and rated methodological quality. Individual analyses from reviews relating effectiveness to intervention components were extracted, graded for evidence quality and summarised.ResultsOf 3856 identified articles, 30 met the inclusion criteria and 129 analyses related intervention components to effectiveness. These included causal analyses (based on randomisation of participants to different intervention conditions) and associative analyses (e.g. meta-regression). Overall, interventions produced clinically meaningful weight loss (3-5 kg at 12 months; 2-3 kg at 36 months) and increased physical activity (30-60 mins/week of moderate activity at 12-18 months). Based on causal analyses, intervention effectiveness was increased by engaging social support, targeting both diet and physical activity, and using well-defined/established behaviour change techniques. Increased effectiveness was also associated with increased contact frequency and using a specific cluster of "self-regulatory" behaviour change techniques (e.g. goal-setting, self-monitoring). No clear relationships were found between effectiveness and intervention setting, delivery mode, study population or delivery provider. Evidence on long-term effectiveness suggested the need for greater consideration of behaviour maintenance strategies.ConclusionsThis comprehensive review of reviews identifies specific components which are associated with increased effectiveness in interventions to promote change in diet and/or physical activity. To maximise the efficiency of programmes for diabetes prevention, practitioners and commissioning organisations should consider including these components.

Subfields: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, General Health Professions, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ae3ceecabd2574191054e1c9fad7edb78e2c791f

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In Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

In General Health Professions

In Physiology

Citations in the corpus

‘The Ostrich Problem’: motivated avoidance or rejection of information about goal progress (2013, background): “In addition, reviews of self-monitoring tend to focus on the effects of interventions (e.g., Bravata et al., 2007; Dombrowski et al., 2012; Greaves et al., 2011; Michie et al., 2009) rather than the extent to which people experience problems with monitoring, with attendant implications of this for g”
Risk Factors Contributing to Type 2 Diabetes and Recent Advances in the Treatment and Prevention (2014, background): “Examples for the stimulus control are encouraging people to avoid cues for snacks storage [193] and to engage in social support [194, 195].”
Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (2016, background): “viewing is not significantly better than usual care (176), andother intervention factors associated with weight loss, such as number and duration of contacts, have been inconsistent or not associated with greater participation (177).”
Physical activity: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions (2017, result): “This moderating effect was also found in two of two reviews that examined co-occurrence clusters of selected behavioural techniques (Greaves et al., 2011; Michie, Abraham, Whittington, McAteer, & Gupta, 2009).”
Effective behaviour change techniques for physical activity and healthy eating in overweight and obese adults; systematic review and meta-regression analyses (2017, background): “In line with earlier studies [16, 88], we found no evidence that the mode of intervention delivery was associated with intervention effects.”
Antecedents and consequences of monitoring domestic electricity consumption (2014, background): “Although a number of reviews point to the efficacy of self-monitoring in shaping behavior change (see Bravata et al., 2007; Dombrowski et al., 2012; Greaves et al., 2011; Harkin et al., under review; Michie, et al., 2009; 2012), few studies have identified the factors that influence why people choos”
Behavior Change Techniques Implemented in Electronic Lifestyle Activity Monitors: A Systematic Content Analysis (2014, neutral): “[28,37,38] Prompt practice 8.1 [29,36,37,39] Prompt self-monitoring of behavior 2.3 [29,36-39] Goal-setting/intention formation 1.1 [38,39] Barrier identification/problem solving 1.2 [29] Provide feedback on performance 2.2 [29] Prompt review of behavioral goals 1.5 [27] Provide information on…”
Mobile Text Messaging for Health: A Systematic Review of Reviews (2015, methodology): “An additional 10 review studies were excluded due to low quality scores on the OQAQ(2, 3, 7, 8, 24, 26, 30, 44, 48, 50).”