An ecological perspective on extreme climatic events: a synthetic definition and framework to guide future research

By Melinda D. Smith. 2011

733 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Global and Planetary Change, Nature and Landscape Conservation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ac746f98e9156592dc0114ed5bfe0395d193937f

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Global and Planetary Change

In Nature and Landscape Conservation

Citations in the corpus

Effects of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle: concepts, processes and potential future impacts (2015, methodology): “Along these lines, we use the term ‘extreme impact’ to describe, from a functional perspective, when a resilience threshold (‘extreme response threshold’, sensu Smith, 2011) is passed, placing the ecosystem and associated carbon cycling into an unusual or rare state.”
Drought resistance and resilience: The role of soil moisture–plant interactions and legacies in a dryland ecosystem (2020, background): “…(Bisigato et al., 2013; Sherry et al., ,2008, 2012), or biotic, driven by changes in individual plants (e.g. changes in tillers, stolons or axillary bud production; Reichmann & Sala, 2014) and/or shifts in the plant community (e.g. mortality, community reordering; Hoover et al., 2014; Smith, 2011).”
Persistence and production of perennial grasses under water deficits and extreme temperatures: importance of intraspecific vs. interspecific variability (2012, background): “…originating from temperate and Mediterranean regions Extreme climatic conditions were recently defined as an episode during which a statistically rare climatic period alters ecosystem structure and/or function well beyond the bounds of what is considered to be normal variability (Smith, 2011).”
The dominant role of semi-arid ecosystems in the trend and variability of the land CO2 sink (2015, methodology): “To account for combined effects of these drivers we adopt 149 an analysis of GPP variations from an “impact perspective” (22-24): we first identify GPP 150 anomalies and then extract their climatic covariates.”
Ecological effects of extreme drought on Californian herbaceous plant communities (2016, background): “Drought may uniquely affect the richness, composition, and function of plant communities, with some properties more likely than others to encounter critical thresholds and to depart from the normal range of variability (Smith 2011).”
Climate‐induced resource bottlenecks exacerbate species vulnerability: a review (2015, background): “Extreme weather and climate events (hereafter collectively referred to as extreme events) have been defined by Smith (2011) on the basis of a combination of both a climatic extreme driver and an ecological response.”
Conservation implications of ecological responses to extreme weather and climate events (2018, background): “Observational studies of species’ or ecosystems’ responses to extreme events can highlight particular events or taxonomic groups that may benefit from focused vulnerability research (Altwegg, Visser, Bailey, & Erni, 2017; Smith, 2011).”
The ecological role of climate extremes: current understanding and future prospects (2011, methodology): “Thus, it is clear that extreme ecological responses as defined by Smith (2011) can be relatively common and discernable features of ecological systems.”
Subordinate plant species enhance community resistance against drought in semi‐natural grasslands (2013, background): “Journal of Ecology © 2013 British Ecological Society mountain grassland communities are expected to be greatly affected by drought events (Smith 2011a) with significant consequences for ecosystem functioning (Gilgen et al. 2010).”
The spatial structure of Antarctic biodiversity (2014, background): “Extreme events are a form of disturbance, and include, for example, changes in the frequency and duration of climate events, which can have consequences on ecosystem functioning and biodiversity (Smith 2011).”
Responses of common and rare aliens and natives to nutrient availability and fluctuations (2017, background): “Environmental change, however, also affects environmental variability (Stenseth et al. 2002; Smith 2011; Parepa, Fischer & Bossdorf 2013).”
Record-low primary productivity and high plant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in 2012 caused by multiple weather events and pest outbreaks (2014, background): “However, ecologically relevant extreme events are predicted to increase in frequency (Jentsch et al 2007, Smith 2011, Stocker et al 2013), thereby making it more likely that a specific region will be hit by multiple stress events simultaneously.”
Will Extreme Climatic Events Facilitate Biological Invasions (2012, background): “Controlled experiments are most useful for isolating mechanisms and are becoming more powerful as approaches are developed for manipulating extreme values for two climate variables concurrently (Smith 2011).”
Ecotypes of European grass species respond differently to warming and extreme drought (2011, background): “The current understanding of atmospheric global warming processes results in the expectation of increased occurrence and risks of extreme climatic events (Smith 2011).”
Effects of stand composition and tree size on resistance and resilience to drought in sessile oak and Scots pine (2015, background): “At the ecosystem level, the composition 46 (Smith, 2011; Cavin et al., 2013), structure and distribution of forests as well as the water, 47 carbon and nutrient cycles are expected to be modified in the context of climate change (Bréda 48 et al.”
Phenotypic plasticity promotes persistence following severe events: physiological and morphological responses of seagrass to flooding (2014, background): “They are considered to play a disproportionately large role in determining ecosystem structure and function (Jentsch & Beierkuhnlein 2008), so with forecast increases in the frequency and magnitude of such events (Coumou & Rahmstorf 2012), there is a pressing need to better understand the effects th”