Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in Cancers: Overexpression and Therapeutic Implications

By N. Iqbal, N. Iqbal. Molecular Biology International, 2014

1,181 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family having tyrosine kinase activity. Dimerization of the receptor results in the autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues within the cytoplasmic domain of the receptors and initiates a variety of signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Amplification or overexpression of HER2 occurs in approximately 15–30% of breast cancers and 10–30% of gastric/gastroesophageal cancers and serves as a prognostic and predictive biomarker. HER2 overexpression has also been seen in other cancers like ovary, endometrium, bladder, lung, colon, and head and neck. The introduction of HER2 directed therapies has dramatically influenced the outcome of patients with HER2 positive breast and gastric/gastroesophageal cancers; however, the results have been proved disappointing in other HER2 overexpressing cancers. This review discusses the role of HER2 in various cancers and therapeutic modalities available targeting HER2.

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1. J. Baj
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Citations in the corpus

• Breast Cancer—Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Prognostic Markers, and Current Treatment Strategies—An Updated Review (2021, background): “Overexpression of HER2 also correlates with a significantly shorter disease-free period [205] as well as histologic type, pathologic state of cancer, and a number of axillary nodes with metastatic cancerous cells [205].”
• Antibody drug conjugate: the “biological missile” for targeted cancer therapy (2022, background): “One of the plausible ways is to identify some specifically overexpressed antigens to distinguish cancer cells from health cells, such as HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) on the breast cancer and CD20 (cluster of differentiate 20) on the B cell lymphoma.(10,11) Specific expression of t”