Spectrum and spectral density estimation by the Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), including a comprehensive list of window functions and some new at-top windows

By Gerhard Heinzel, A. Rüdiger, R. Schilling. 2002

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Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition and its relationship to dynamic mode decomposition and resolvent analysis (2017, methodology): “The scalar weights wj are nodal values of a window function that can be used to reduce spectral leakage due to non-periodicity of the data in each block (e.g., Heinzel et al., 2002).”