The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of an unknown hominin from southern Siberia

By J. Krause, Qiaomei Fu, J. Good, B. Viola, M. Shunkov, A. Derevianko, Svante Pääbo. Nature, 2010

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With the exception of Neanderthals, from which DNA sequences of numerous individuals have now been determined, the number and genetic relationships of other hominin lineages are largely unknown. Here we report a complete mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequence retrieved from a bone excavated in 2008 in Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains in southern Siberia. It represents a hitherto unknown type of hominin mtDNA that shares a common ancestor with anatomically modern human and Neanderthal mtDNAs about 1.0 million years ago. This indicates that it derives from a hominin migration out of Africa distinct from that of the ancestors of Neanderthals and of modern humans. The stratigraphy of the cave where the bone was found suggests that the Denisova hominin lived close in time and space with Neanderthals as well as with modern humans.

Subfields: Anthropology, Archeology, Paleontology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a7044d977fd8db3f4cf7871b7445b37d03592031

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Citations in the corpus

Schmutzi: estimation of contamination and endogenous mitochondrial consensus calling for ancient DNA (2015, background): “Ancient fragments tend to be shorter than modern contaminating DNA fragments due to degradation of aDNA [1, 29, 30, 32] (see Additional file 1: Methods, Section 1.5).”
The role of land bridges, ancient environments, and migrations in the assembly of the North American flora (2018, background): “…plants in the Eocene (Harris et al., 2016); early humans in the region (Wells, 2002; Pitulko et al., 2004; Jicha et al., 2006; Tamm et al., 2007; Krause et al., 2010; general human migrations by Harahi, 2011; Fu et al., 2014; Sanchez et al., 2014; Raghavan et al., 2015; Scott et al.,…”
The complete genome sequence of a Neandertal from the Altai Mountains (2013, positive): “The estimated age of 0.9 to 4 million years for the population split of this unknown hominin from the modern human lineage is compatible with that it contributed its mtDNA to Denisovans since the Denisovan mtDNA diverged from the mtDNA of the other hominins about 0.7–1.3 million years ago 41 .”
Human dispersal across diverse environments of Asia during the Upper Pleistocene (2013, background): “Filled circles: H. sapiens: 1) Jebel Irhoud, Morocco; 2) Skuhl, Qafzeh, Israel; 3) Herto, Ethiopia; 4) Niah, Borneo; Filled stars: Neanderthals: 5) Tabun, Kebara (Israel); 6) Shanidar (Iraq); 7) Teschik Tasch (Uzbekistan); 8) Denisova, Okladinov (Russian Siberia); Open Stars (other): 9) Hatnora (Ind”
Learning about human population history from ancient and modern genomes (2011, background): “, and complete mtDNA genomes were sequenced from a number of extinct Pleistocene hominin”
Reconstructing mitochondrial genomes directly from genomic next-generation sequencing reads—a baiting and iterative mapping approach (2013, background): “Complete mitochondrial genomes are particularly useful when attempting to answer longstanding questions of human evolution (5,6) or to explore the evolutionary histories of enigmatic species such as the Mammoth, Aurochs, Tasmanian tiger or Polar bear (7–11).”
Aspects of human physical and behavioural evolution during the last 1 million years (2019, background): “…aDNA, also with surprising results. mtDNA from the fossil showed that it represented a lineage distinct from both Neanderthals and modern humans (Krause et al., 2010), and shortly thereafter the whole genome of this ‘Denisovan’ was reconstructed, suggesting it was from a population that…”
Characterization of ancient and modern genomes by SNP detection and phylogenomic and metagenomic analysis using PALEOMIX (2014, background): “Soon after, the first draft of the Neandertal genome was completed by using bone extracts of three specimens 14 and even a new group of archaic hominins, the Denisovans, was discovered on the basis of genome sequence data 15,16 .”