Women, business, and the law 2016 : getting to equal
By Sarah Iqbal. 2015
Legal gender differences are widespread: 155 of the 173 economies covered have at least one law impeding women’s economic opportunities. The total number of legal gender differences across 173 economies is 943. In 100 economies, women face gender-based job restrictions. Women, business, and the law 2016 finds that lower legal gender equality is associated with fewer girls attending secondary school relative to boys, fewer women working, or running businesses, and a wider gender wage gap. Where laws do not provide protection from domestic violence, women are likely to have shorter life spans. But where governments support childcare, women are more likely to receive wages. Women, business, and the law measures legal restrictions on women’s employment and entrepreneurship by identifying gender-based legal differences. The dataset has captured 21 differences in policies for unmarried women and 26 for married women that affect women’s economic opportunities, for a total of 47 differences across five indicators.
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Citations in the corpus
- On formalizing fairness in prediction with machine learning (2017, background): “It has been shown that the protected attributes like race and gender affect one’s access to opportunities in domains such as education, business, politics in many parts of the world (24).”