Chromatin Domains: the Unit of Chromosome Organization

By Jesse R. Dixon, David U. Gorkin, Bing Ren. Molecules and Cells, 2016

710 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Summary How eukaryotic chromosomes fold inside the nucleus is an age-old question that remains unanswered today. Early biochemical and microscopic studies revealed the existence of chromatin domains and loops as a pervasive feature of interphase chromosomes, but the biological implications of such organizational features were obscure. Genome-wide analysis of pair-wise chromatin interactions using chromatin conformation capture (3C)-based techniques has shed new light on the organization of chromosomes in interphase nuclei. Particularly, the finding of cell type invariant, evolutionarily conserved topologically associating domains (TADs) in a broad spectrum of cell types has provided a new molecular framework for study of animal development and human diseases. Here we review recent progress in characterization of such chromatin domains and delineation of mechanisms of their formation in animal cells.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a6a7c2695c84e13353bc45f3a899a16f6510d707

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In Molecular Biology

Citations in the corpus

Polyploidy, the Nucleotype, and Novelty: The Impact of Genome Doubling on the Biology of the Cell (2019, background): “TADs are likely involved in such nuclear processes as transcriptional regulation, replication, and recombination, and their disruption can lead to misregulation of genes in cancer (Dixon et al. 2016; Kaiser and Semple 2018).”
High-resolution TADs reveal DNA sequences underlying genome organization in flies (2017, background): “…of chromosomes into topologically associating domains (TADs) is an emerging concept that is reshaping our understanding of gene regulation in the context of physical organization of the genome (Dixon et al. 2016; Lieberman-Aiden et al. 2009; Rao et al. 2014; Sexton et al. 2012; Hou et al. 2012).”
A Compendium of Chromatin Contact Maps Reveal Spatially Active Regions in the Human Genome (2016, neutral): “Within each compartment, topologically associating domains (TADs) constrain chromatin interactions (Dixon et al., 2012, 2016; Nora et al., 2012; Sexton et al., 2012).”
Quantitative Proteomics of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (2020, positive): “Correlated expression patterns in gene expression data are organized in large part around chromosomal location, driven by mechanisms such as transcription factor activity and chromosomal topology as set up by cellular and tissue identity (Caron et al., 2001; Dixon et al., 2016; Furlong and Levine, 2”
GeneHancer: genome-wide integration of enhancers and target genes in GeneCards (2017, background): “This mode of action is supported by chromosome conformation capture and related methods that detect direct interactions among remote chromatin regions (8).”