The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. VI. Discovery and Analysis of a Double Einstein Ring

By R. Gavazzi, T. Treu, Leon V. E. Koopmans, A. Bolton, L. A. Moustakas, S. Burles, P. J. Marshall. 2008

153 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We report the discovery of two concentric Einstein rings around the gravitational lens SDSS J0946+1006. The main lens is at redshift zl = 0.222, while the inner ring (1) is at redshift zs1 = 0.609 (REin 1 = 1.43″ ± 0.01″). The wider image separation (REin 2 = 2.07″± 0.02″) of the outer ring (2) implies a higher redshift than that of ring 1; the detection of ring 2 in the F814W ACS filter implies an upper limit of zs2≲ 6.9. The main lens can be described by a power-law total mass density profile ρtot ∝ r−γ′ with γ′ = 2.00 ± 0.03 and velocity dispersion σSIE = 287 ± 5 km s−1 (the stellar velocity dispersion is σv,* = 284 ± 24 km s−1). The strong lensing configuration is inconsistent with light traces mass. Adopting a prior on the stellar mass-to-light ratio from previous SLACS work, we infer a 73% ± 9% dark matter fraction within the cylinder of radius equal to the effective radius of the lens. We find that, for the case of SDSS J0946+1006, the geometry of the two rings does not place interesting constraints on cosmography because of the suboptimal redshifts of lens and sources. We then consider the perturbing effect of the mass associated with ring 1 building a compound lens model. This introduces minor changes to the mass of the main lens and provides an estimate of zs2 = 3.1+ 2.0−1.0 and of the mass of the source responsible for ring 1 (σSIE ,s1 = 94+ 27−47 km s−1). We conclude by examining the prospects of doing cosmography with a sample of 50 double rings, expected from future space-based surveys. Accounting for uncertainties in the mass profile of the lens and the effects of the perturber, we find that such a sample would constrain Ωm and w within 10%, assuming flatness.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a653c915b9a9e1ed10a95b33ae0bab0fa5f8350a

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Citations in the corpus

DISSECTING THE GRAVITATIONAL LENS B1608+656. II. PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT, SPATIAL CURVATURE, AND THE DARK ENERGY EQUATION OF STATE (2009, background): “These sightlines correspond to compound lenses such as SDSS J0946+1006 (Gavazzi et al. 2008), but not to B1608+656.”
Mass-sheet degeneracy, power-law models and external convergence: Impact on the determination of the Hubble constant from gravitational lensing (2013, background): “…that the observation of a central 2 The double-source nature of the lens SDSSJ0924+0219 reported in Eigenbrod et al. (2006) is more speculative than for the system SDSSJ0946+1006 – also known as the “Jackpot” – discovered by Gavazzi et al. (2008) and further studied by Sonnenfeld et al. (2012).”
Detection of a dark substructure through gravitational imaging (2009, methodology): “The recovered parameters for the smooth mass component of the lens potential are somewhat different from the results in Gavazzi et al. (2008), which we attribu e to the fact that Gavazzi et al. (2008) makes us of both Einstein rings and matches conjugate points instead of the full surface…”
THE INITIAL MASS FUNCTION OF EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES (2010, unknown): “To meet our goal we exploit the large and homogeneous sample of strong gravitational lenses discovered by the Sloan Lenses ACS Survey (Bolton et al. 2006; Treu et al. 2006; Koopmans et al. 2006; Gavazzi et al. 2007; Bolton et al. 2008a; Gavazzi et al. 2008; Bolton et al. 2008b; Auger et al. 2009).”
THE POPULATION OF GALAXY–GALAXY STRONG LENSES IN FORTHCOMING OPTICAL IMAGING SURVEYS (2015, methodology): “For the light profile of the deflector, we assume an elliptical de Vaucolours profile concentric with, and aligned with, the mass (e.g. as observed by Gavazzi et al. 2008; Kostrzewa-Rutkowska et al. 2014).”
Galaxy Masses: A Review (2013, methodology): “The SLACS gravitational lenses (Bolton et al. 2006a; Treu et al. 2006; Koopmans et al. 2006; Gavazzi et al. 2007; Bolton et al. 2008a; Gavazzi et al. 2008; Bolton et al. 2008b; Auger et al. 2009; Treu et al. 2009; Auger et al. 2010a; Newton et al. 2011) were selected from the spectroscopic database…”
Two-dimensional kinematics of SLACS lenses – III. Mass structure and dynamics of early-type lens galaxies beyond z ≃ 0.1 (2011, background): “…also act as strong gravitational lenses, has been remedi d by the Sloan Lens ACS Survey, SLACS (Bolton et al. 2006, 2008a, 2008b, Koopmans et al. 2006, Treu et al. 2006, 2009, Gavazzi et al. 2007, 2008, Auger et al. 2009, 2010a), which has yielded a large sample of almost a hundred such objects.”
Dark matter direct detection signals inferred from a cosmological N-body simulation with baryons (2009, background): “Flat rotation curves in spiral galaxies [1, 2], velocity dispersions in galaxy clusters [3, 4], gravitational lensing mass reconstructions [5, 6, 7], hierarchical patterns in large scale structures [8, 9] and cosmic microwave background anisotropies [10] all point towards the existence of a new neut”
THE SLOAN LENS ACS SURVEY. IX. COLORS, LENSING, AND STELLAR MASSES OF EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES (2009, methodology): “The advent of the Sloan Lens ACS Survey (SLACS; Bolton et al. 2006; Treu et al. 2006; Koopmans et al. 2006; Gavazzi et al. 2007; Bolton et al. 2008; Gavazzi et al. 2008; Bolton et al. 2008; Treu et al. 2009, papers I-VIII, respectively) has made this type of modeling feasible for the first time for…”
HerMES: CANDIDATE GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED GALAXIES AND LENSING STATISTICS AT SUBMILLIMETER WAVELENGTHS (2012, methodology): “The lens modeling is performed following the procedure outlined in Section 2.2 of Gavazzi et al. (2011); we use the code sl fit, which have been previously used to study galaxy-scale strong lensing (Gavazzi et al. 2007, 2008).”
FEEDBACK FROM CENTRAL BLACK HOLES IN ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES: TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODELS COMPARED TO ONE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS (2010, result): “This is good agreement with recent observations of the total mass profile of early-type galaxies (Gavazzi et al. 2007, 2008).”
H0LiCOW - IV. Lens mass model of HE 0435-1223 and blind measurement of its time-delay distance for cosmology (2016, background): “The lack of sensitivity to Ωm and w suggests that HE 0435−1223 is not sensitive to β12 at an interesting level to probe it directly in the same way as a double source plane lens (e.g., Gavazzi et al. 2008; Collett & Auger 2014).”