Gravitational waves from bubble dynamics: beyond the envelope

By Ryusuke Jinno, Masahiro Takimoto. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2017

159 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We study gravitational-wave production from bubble dynamics (bubble collisions and sound waves) during a cosmic first-order phase transition with an analytic approach. We first propose modeling the system with the thin-wall approximation but without the envelope approximation often adopted in the literature, in order to take bubble propagation after collisions into account. The bubble walls in our setup are considered as modeling the scalar field configuration and/or the bulk motion of the fluid. We next write down analytic expressions for the gravitational-wave spectrum, and evaluate them with numerical methods. It is found that, in the long-lasting limit of the collided bubble walls, the spectrum grows from ∝ f3 to ∝ f1 in low frequencies, showing a significant enhancement compared to the one with the envelope approximation. It is also found that the spectrum saturates in the same limit, indicating a decrease in the correlation of the energy-momentum tensor at late times. We also discuss the implications of our results to gravitational-wave production both from bubble collisions (scalar dynamics) and sound waves (fluid dynamics).

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a44595547c5608b2f1c37b08bf0d56a0b1e0bc50

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. Marek Lewicki
2. John Ellis
3. J. No
4. V. Vaskonen
5. T. Konstandin
6. Jorinde van de Vis
7. Felix Giese
8. G. Servant

In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

1. Marek Lewicki
2. John Ellis
3. J. No
4. G. Servant
5. T. Konstandin

In Nuclear and High Energy Physics

1. Marek Lewicki
2. John Ellis
3. J. No
4. T. Konstandin
5. V. Vaskonen
6. Jorinde van de Vis
7. Felix Giese
8. G. Servant

Citations in the corpus

• Updated predictions for gravitational waves produced in a strongly supercooled phase transition (2020, background): “However, it was recently realised that a more realistic slower dissipation of the source will modify the signal [94, 95].”
• Beyond the Standard Models with cosmic strings (2019, result): “Also, the slopes of a GW spectrum from first-order phase transitions assuming runaway bubble-walls, generated by scalar gradient, are also steeper than the CS case [224]: f 3 at low frequencies (or f 1 [225]) and f−1 at high frequencies (or f−1.”
• On the maximal strength of a first-order electroweak phase transition and its gravitational wave signal (2018, background): “(8)The impact of the continuous increase of RMAX during the completion of the transition and the generation of GWs, which may yield an extra source of GW power on scales larger than R̄ [84], is currently under debate [85].”
• Model-independent energy budget of cosmological first-order phase transitions—A sound argument to go beyond the bag model (2020, background): “That ΩGW is indeed proportional to K 2 is very explicit in simplified simulations as [28,37–40].”