A semi-empirical simulation of the extragalactic radio continuum sky for next generation radio telescopes

By R. Wilman, L. Miller, M. Jarvis, T. Mauch, F. Levrier, Filipe B. Abdalla, S. Rawlings, H. Kloeckner, D. Obreschkow, Dan Olteanu and 1 more. 2008

311 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We have developed a semi-empirical simulation of the extragalactic radio continuum sky suitable for aiding the design of next generation radio interferometers such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). The emphasis is on modelling the large-scale cosmological distribution of radio sources rather than the internal structure of individual galaxies. Here we provide a description of the simulation to accompany the online release of a catalogue of similar or equal to 320 million simulated radio sources. The simulation covers a sky area of 20x20 deg^2 - a plausible upper limit to the instantaneous field of view attainable with future (e.g. SKA) aperture array technologies - out to a cosmological redshift of z=20, and down to flux density limits of 10 nJy at 151, 610 MHz, 1.4, 4.86 and 18 GHz. Five distinct source types are included: radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (AGN), radio-loud AGN of the Fanaroff-Riley type I (FR I) and FR II structural classes, and star-forming galaxies, the latter split into Populations of quiescent and starbursting galaxies.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a40c8c40990d7294fe554f34be130f7bb6886268

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Astronomy and Astrophysics

In Nuclear and High Energy Physics

Citations in the corpus

Radio and millimeter continuum surveys and their astrophysical implications (2009, unknown): “The Jackson & Wall (1999) unification scheme was adopted by Wilman et al. (2008) to reproduce the observed variety of radio-loud AGNs, including radio galaxies, steepand flat-spectrum quasars, and strongly beamed sources such as BL Lacs and FSRQs.”
LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Boötes field: catalogue and source counts (2016, methodology): “Mauch et al. (2013) suggest that the spectral curvature term used in the Wilman et al. (2008) models mean that their 151-MHz counts under-predict reality.”
Reionization and the Cosmic Dawn with the Square Kilometre Array (2012, methodology): “More detailed simulations of Galactic emission were developed by Sun et al. (2008); Waelkens et al. (2009); Sun & Reich (2009); Jelić et al. (2010a), while maps of the extragalactic emission were developed by Jackson (2005); Wilman et al. (2008).”
Fast large volume simulations of the 21-cm signal from the reionization and pre-reionization epochs (2009, methodology): “However, one can use the expected halo mass function to place these smaller halos in our large volume simulation cells by using the prescription of Wilman et al. (2008).”
RESOLVING THE RADIO SOURCE BACKGROUND: DEEPER UNDERSTANDING THROUGH CONFUSION (2012, background): “The constraint provided by the new P (D) distribution clearly shows that S2n(S) is falling off at low flux densities, at about the rate predicted by the Condon (1984b) and Wilman et al. (2008) evolutionary models.”
Modeling the Radio Background from the First Black Holes at Cosmic Dawn: Implications for the 21 cm Absorption Amplitude (2018, methodology): “Both Ewall-Wice et al. (2014) and Bolgar et al. (2018) used models that extrapolated empirical trends in nearby radio sources (Haiman et al. 2004; Wilman et al. 2008) to predict the impact of these sources on the power spectrum but neither of these works addressed the global signal.”
The Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array Sky Survey (VLASS). Science Case and Survey Design (2019, background): “4 GHz ∼1022−23 W Hz−1; Jarvis & Rawlings 2004; Wilman et al. 2008; Kimball et al. 2011; Condon et al. 2013a), and, with stacking, out to significantly higher redshifts (e.g. White et al. 2007; Coziol et al. 2017).”
LATE-TIME COSMOLOGY WITH 21 cm INTENSITY MAPPING EXPERIMENTS (2014, background): “There are a few candidate models for the evolution of the bias as a function of redshift that fit the current constraints from observations (Switzer et al. 2013) or are calibrated against simulations (Wilman et al. 2008), but there is considerable disagreement between them.”
The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey. I. Survey description and preliminary data release (2016, background): “More speciﬁcally, the survey was initially designed to detect: 100 radio galaxies at z > 6 (based on the predicted source populations of Wilman et al. 2008); and diffuse radio emission associated with the intra-cluster medium of 100 galaxy clusters at z > 0 .”
EMU: Evolutionary Map of the Universe (2011, methodology): “3.4.1 Simulation Analysis Simulations have been performed using the SKA design study (SKADS) simulated sky (Wilman et al. 2008) as initial input.”
Active galactic nuclei: what’s in a name? (2017, background): “The former, being intrinsically weaker radio sources, become more prominent at the faintest radio flux densities (e.g. Wilman et al. 2008; Padovani et al. 2015; Padovani 2016; Smolčić et al. 2017a).”
The VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project: Continuum data and source catalog release (2017, result): “Such a shape of radio source counts is expected owing to the cosmic evolution of galaxy populations (e.g., Hopkins et al. 2000; Wilman et al. 2008; Béthermin et al. 2012), but this shape is contrary to that obtained based on i) the previous Lockman hole observations at 1.4 GHz (Owen & Morrison…”
The GMRT 150 MHz all-sky radio survey - First alternative data release TGSS ADR1 (2016, background): “The semi-empirical source 2016MNRAS.460.2385Wcounts derived from a simulated 20◦ × 20◦ area of radio sky at 151 MHz (Wilman et al. 2008) have been shown to reproduce the observed 150 MHz counts to high accuracy over large part of the observed flux density range (e.g., Williams et al. 2013, 2016).”