Probing the neutrino mass hierarchy and the 13-mixing with supernovae

By C. Lunardini, A. Smirnov. 2003

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We consider in detail the effects of the 13-mixing (sin2?13) and of the type of mass hierarchy/ordering (sign[?m213]) on neutrino signals from the gravitational collapses of stars. The observables (characteristics of the energy spectra of ?e and e events) sensitive to sin2?13 and sign[?m213] have been calculated. They include the ratio of average energies of the spectra, rE?E/?, the ratio of widths of the energy distributions, r???/, the ratios of total numbers of ?e and e events at low energies, S, and in the high energy tails, Rtail. We construct and analyse scatter plots which show the predictions for the observables for different intervals of sin2?13 and signs of ?m213, taking into account uncertainties in the original neutrino spectra, the star density profile, etc. Regions in the space of observables rE, r?, S, Rtail exist in which certain mass hierarchy and intervals of sin2?13 can be identified or discriminated. We elaborate on the method of the high energy tails in the spectra of events. The conditions are formulated for which sin2?13 can be (i) measured, (ii) restricted from below, (iii) restricted from above. We comment on the possibility to determine sin2?13 using the time dependence of the signals due to the propagation of the shock wave through the resonance layers of the star. We show that the appearance of the delayed Earth matter effect in one of the channels (?e or e) in combination with the undelayed effect in the other channel will allow us to identify the shock wave appeareance and determine the mass hierarchy.

Subfields: Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a3e2361eb82002d9d1353eca8c8dcea62e43132f

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Citations in the corpus

• Collective neutrino flavor transitions in supernovae and the role of trajectory averaging (2007, background): “Recent examples include the characterization, at the level of observable SN neutrino event spectra, of shock-wave evolution effects after bounce [4–13] and of it possible “erasing” by stochastic matter fluctuations induced by turbulence [14–16].”
• Letter of intent for KM3NeT 2.0 (2016, unknown): “, neutrino flavour conversion in supernovae [100, 101].”
• Self-induced conversion in dense neutrino gases: Pendulum in flavour space (2006, background): “Taking the atmospheric mass hierarchy to be inverted, the “single-angle approximation” predicts a swapping of the ν̄e and ν̄μ as well as of the νe and νμ fluxes with a possible impact on r-process nucleosynthesis [26, 27, 28, 36], energy transfer to the stalling shock wave [37], and the possibility ”
• Monte Carlo Study of Supernova Neutrino Spectra Formation (2002, background): “…SN may allow one to differentiate between some of the neutrino mixing scenarios which explain the presently available data (Chiu & Kuo 2000, Dighe & Smirnov 2000, Dutta et al. 2000, Fuller, Haxton, & McLaughlin 1999, Lunardini & Smirnov 2001b, 2003, Minakata & Nunokawa 2001, Takahashi & Sato 2002).”