Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) cellulosic fibre hierarchy: a comprehensive approach from macro to nano scale

By R. A. Ilyas, S. Sapuan, R. Ibrahim, H. Abral, M.R. Ishak, E. S. Zainudin, M. Asrofi, M. Atikah, M. Huzaifah, A. Radzi and 7 more. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2019

213 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre is considered as a waste product of the agricultural industry. This paper is investigating the isolation of nanofibrillated cellulose from sugar palm fibres produced by a chemo-mechanical approach, thus opening a new way to utilize waste products more efficiently. Chemical pre-treatments, namely delignification and mercerization processes, were initially involved to extract the sugar palm cellulose. Then, mechanical pre-treatment was performed by passing the sugar palm cellulose through a refiner to avoid clogging in the subsequent process of high pressurized homogenization. Nanofibrillated cellulose was then characterized by its chemical properties (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), physical morphological properties (i.e. scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis), and thermogravimetric analysis. The nanofibres were attained at 500 bar for 15 cycles with 92% yield. The results showed that the average diameter and length of the nanofibrillated cellulose were found to be 5.5 ± 1.0 nm and several micrometres, respectively. They also displayed higher crystallinity (81.2%) and thermal stability compared to raw fibres, which served its purpose as an effective reinforcing material for use as bio-nanocomposites. The nanocellulose developed promises to be a very versatile material by having a huge potential in many applications, encompassing bio-packaging to scaffolds for tissue regeneration.

Subfields: Biomaterials, Polymers and Plastics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a219cc90f78c18aaafe8fac8bce0eede6d643caf

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In Biomaterials

1. Mohamad Ridzwan Ishak
2. S. Sapuan
3. E. S. Zainudin
4. M. Atikah
5. R. Ilyas
6. M. Norrrahim
7. H. Aisyah
8. H. Abral

In Polymers and Plastics

1. Mohamad Ridzwan Ishak
2. E. S. Zainudin
3. S. Sapuan
4. M. Ansari

Citations in the corpus

• Effect of hydrolysis time on the morphological, physical, chemical, and thermal behavior of sugar palm nanocrystalline cellulose (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) (2020, background): “According to Alemdar and Sain,(68) the changes of chemical composition of the fiber after acid and alkaline treatments would results in a better degree of crystallinity of cellulose and, therefore, improve the strength and thermal properties of the fibers.(69,70)”
• Thermal properties of treated sugar palm yarn/glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester hybrid composites (2020, background): “[10] Ilyas RA, Sapuan SM, Ibrahim R, Abral H, Ishak MR, Zainudin ES, et al.”
• Effect of sonication time on the thermal stability, moisture absorption, and biodegradation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) nanocellulose-filled bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus) starch biocomposites (2019, background): “[32] Ilyas RA, Sapuan SM, Ibrahim R, Abral H, Ishak MR, Zainudin ES, et al.”
• Effect of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose concentrations on morphological, mechanical and physical properties of biodegradable films based on agro-waste sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) starch (2019, background): “[52] Ilyas RA, Sapuan SM, Ibrahim R, Abral H, Ishak MR, Zainudin ES, et al.”