Emission of rough surfaces calculated by the integral equation method with comparison to three-dimensional moment method simulations

By Kun Shan Chen, Tzong-Dar Wu, L. Tsang, Qin Li, Jiancheng Shi, A. Fung. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2003

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Synergic Use of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images for Operational Soil Moisture Mapping at High Spatial Resolution over Agricultural Areas (2017, methodology): “Over bare soils (or soils with sparse vegetation cover), the estimation of soil moisture was realized by inverting the SAR signal using either physical [6,7] or statistical models [8–10].”
Land surface emissivity retrieval from satellite data (2013, methodology): “To date, the simulating model in the MW region has been developed and validated, such as the advanced integral equation method (AIEM) (Chen et al. 2003).”
A critical survey of approximate scattering wave theories from random rough surfaces (2004, background): “single-scattering contribution) as well as the general IEM expressions (including multiple-scattering terms) have been continuously amended until recently [136, 255, 256].”