Who is in and who is out? A risk-based conceptualization of insiders and outsiders

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Automation and the Welfare State: Technological Change as a Determinant of Redistribution Preferences (2019, background): “There are different ways of conceptualizing insider–outsider differences, emphasizing employment status, access to benefits and protection, political representation, and citizenship (see Schwander & Hausermann, 2013).”
Economic grievances and political protest (2018, background): “This differs from Schwander and Häusermann (2013) who are particularly interested in 'outsiderness' and thus further subdivide their baseline occupational dass groups along the sociodemographic characteristics of gender and age, which are strongly related to being an outsider.”
High-skilled outsiders? Labor market vulnerability, education and welfare state preferences (2015, methodology): “They are particularly likely to belong to these highly skilled yet vulnerable groups, especially in Continental and Southern Europe (Esping-Andersen, 1999, 2009; Fellini and Migliavacca, 2010; Schwander and Häusermann, 2013).”