Cavity opening by a giant planet in a protoplanetary disc and effects on planetary migration

By A. Crida, A. Morbidelli. 2007

137 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We study the effect of a Jovian planet on the gas distribution of a protoplanetary disc, using a new numerical scheme that allows us to take into consideration the global evolution of the disc, down to an arbitrarily small inner physical radius. We find that Jovian planets do not open cavities in the inner part of the disc (i.e. interior to their orbits) unless (a) the inner physical edge of the disc is close to the planet’s location or (b) the planet is much more massive than the disc. In all other cases the planet simply opens a gap in the gas density distribution, whose global profile is essentially unchanged relative to the one that it would have if the planet were absent. We recognize, though, that the dust distribution can be significantly different from the gas distribution and that dust cavities might be opened in some situations, even if the gas is still present in the inner part of the disc. Concerning the migration of the planet, we find that classical type II migration (with speed proportional to the viscosity of the disc) occurs only if the gap opened by the planet is deep and clean. If there is still a significant amount of gas in the gap, the migration of the planet is generally slower than the theoretical type II migration rate. In some situations, migration can be stopped or even reversed. We develop a simple model that reproduces satisfactorily the migration rate observed in the simulations, for a wide range of disc viscosities and planet masses and locations relative to the inner disc edge. Our results are relevant for extrasolar planetary systems, as they explain (a) why some hot Jupiters did not migrate all the way down to their parent stars and (b) why the outermost of a pair of resonant planets is typically the most massive one.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a1465fd4cd9df11a11c8a2b6b7fe40d244764b89

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Citations in the corpus

Ring shaped dust accumulation in transition disks (2012, background): “In addition, the insertion of a very massive planet in the disk leads to strong density waves that may lead to unrealistic effects at the inner boundary (e.g., Crida & Morbidelli 2007).”
The dynamics of Jupiter and Saturn in the gaseous protoplanetary disk (2007, methodology): “, 2006; Crida and Morbidelli, 2007). If this happened in this case, Jupiter and Saturn could not migrate outward. Thus, we think that it is important to re-simulate the dynamics of Jupiter and Saturn using our new, trustable algorithm. (iii) The evolution of Jupiter presented in Masset and Snellgrov”
UNVEILING THE STRUCTURE OF PRE-TRANSITIONAL DISKS (2010, background): “However, Crida & Morbidelli (2007) showed that inward planet migration can be slowed or stopped if the gap is not completely cleared of gas.”
Populating the asteroid belt from two parent source regions due to the migration of giant planets—“The Grand Tack” (2012, background): “Specifically, hydrodynamic simulations show that Saturn is eventually captured in the 2:3 mean motion resonance with Jupiter (Masset and Snellgrove 2001; Crida and Morbidelli 2007; Pierens and Nelson 2008; Pierens and Raymond 2011).”
Pebble-isolation mass: Scaling law and implications for the formation of super-Earths and gas giants (2018, methodology): “We note that λ is only valid until Mp ≈ 2.5 M†iso, when λ changes, because the growing planet slowly transitions into the gap depth regime predicted by Crida & Morbidelli (2007).”
Radial Migration of Gap-opening Planets in Protoplanetary Disks. I. The Case of a Single Planet (2018, background): “…gap along with its orbit due to the strong disk–planet interaction (e.g., Lin & Papaloizou 1993; Ward 1997; Lubow et al. 1999; Nelson et al. 2000; Crida & Morbidelli 2007; Edgar 2007; Zhu et al. 2011; Baruteau & Papaloizou 2013; Duffell et al. 2014; Dürmann & Kley 2015; Kanagawa et al. 2015b;…”
Chemical enrichment of giant planets and discs due to pebble drift (2017, methodology): “We interpolate between these limits using the gap opening criterion of Crida & Morbidelli (2007).”
TRANSITIONAL AND PRE-TRANSITIONAL DISKS: GAP OPENING BY MULTIPLE PLANETS? (2010, methodology): “Moreover, while Varniere et al. (2006) were able to produce a large cleared inner region with a single planet, the study of Crida & Morbidelli (2007) calls this result into question (see also §3).”