Development of a metal recovery process from Li-ion battery wastes

By S. Shin, N. Kim, J. Sohn, Dong-hyo Yang, Y. H. Kim. 2005

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An overview on the processes and technologies for recycling cathodic active materials from spent lithium-ion batteries (2013, methodology): “The leaching of LiCoO2 from spent LIBs is usually carried out by using inorganic acids such as H2SO4 [4, 15, 16, 26–28, 31, 40, 44, 45], HCl [8, 21, 38, 41–43] and HNO3 [10, 22, 29, 39] as leachants, followed by the treatment of the acid leachate and final wastes.”
A Review on Environmental, Economic and Hydrometallurgical Processes of Recycling Spent Lithium-ion Batteries (2020, methodology): “The process involves these steps: 1) dismantling, crushing and thermal treatment; 2) removal of Al foil with 5 wt. % NaOH, calcination for removal of the carbon and organic binder; 3) leaching with 4 M H2SO4 + 10 vol% H2O2 (96% Li and >95% Co); 4) adjustment of pH and precipitation of iron, manganes”
A Mini-Review on Metal Recycling from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries (2018, background): “[41] proposed a combined process to recover metals from spent LIBs that used mechanical separation for the collection of cathode materials, followed by a hydrometallurgical process for metal recovery.”
Extraction of lithium from primary and secondary sources by pre-treatment, leaching and separation: A comprehensive review (2014, methodology): “Shin et al. (2005) reported almost quantitative leaching of cobalt and lithiumwith 2 MH2SO4 in the presence of a high amount of H2O2 (15 vol.”