The First Law of Petropolitics

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The extractive industries and development: The resource curse at the micro, meso and macro levels (2015, background): “…that it is the extent of mineral wealth that matters for democratic accountability rather than any shorter term changes in mineral affluence (e.g. a short-term income windfall induced by price fluctuations; see Haber and Menaldo, 2010; Wacziarg, 2012; Wright et al., 2015; Andersen and Ross, 2014).”
Definitions and dimensions of energy security: a literature review (2018, background): “’ They do not coexist.(246) The interests of the energy elite are in many cases against the interests of the population and can lead to policies for their own benefit(153) even in democratic systems.”
Resource Windfalls, Political Regimes, and Political Stability (2016, unknown): “Haber and Menaldo (2011) and Wacziarg (2012) find no evidence that oil windfalls lead to greater autocracy.”
On the Compatibility of Islam and Gender Equality (2009, background): “It is expected to have a negative effect on democracy, because the government is less dependent on taxpayers and can satisfy the population with wealth instead of democratic rights or has the means to suppress the people (Fish 2002; Friedman 2006; Ross 2001).”