Effect of Ambient Storage on the Degradation of Ni-Rich Positive Electrode Materials (NMC811) for Li-Ion Batteries
By Roland Jung, Robert Morasch, Pinar Karayaylali, K. R. Phillips, F. Maglia, C. Stinner, Yang Shao-Horn, H. Gasteiger. 2018
367 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Layered LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 (NMC811) is one of the high-energy positive electrode (cathode) materials for next generation Li-ion batteries. However, compared to the structurally similar LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 (NMC111), it can suffer from a shorter lifetime due to its higher surface reactivity. This work studied and compared the formation of surface contaminations on NMC811 and NMC111 when stored under ambient conditions using electrochemical cycling, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. NMC811 was found to develop a surface layer of up to ∼ 10 nm thickness that was mostly composed of nickel carbonate species mixed with minor quantities of hydroxide and water after ambient storage for 1 year, while no significant changes were observed on the NMC111 surface. The amount of carbonate species was quantified by gas chromatographic (GC) detection of carbon dioxide generated when the NMC particles were dispersed in hydrochloric acid. Surface impurity species formed on NMC811 upon ambient storage not only lead to a significant delithiation voltage peak in the first charge, but also markedly reduce the cycling stability of NMC811-graphite cells due to significantly growing polarization of the NMC811 electrode.
Subfields: Automotive Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9e952a84ec36dcee078ea51d762b3b411096d8ae
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Citations in the corpus
- Degradation Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies of Nickel-Rich NMC-Based Lithium-Ion Batteries (2019, methodology): “Throughout the operation of Ni-rich NMC-based LIBs, four types of unwanted substances exist on the surface of cathodic particles, including other phases, surface impurities (carbonates and hydroxide), rocksalt structures and surface films.”
- Stabilizing Effect of a Hybrid Surface Coating on a Ni-Rich NCM Cathode Material in All-Solid-State Batteries (2019, background): “22,23 24–26 Nonetheless, artificially grown Li 2 CO 3 may act as a protective surface coating.”