Alterations of the human gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis

By S. Jangi, R. Gandhi, Laura M. Cox, Ning Li, F. von Glehn, Raymond Yan, B. Patel, M. Mazzola, Shirong Liu, Bonnie Glanz and 15 more. Nature Communications, 2016

1,171 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The gut microbiome plays an important role in immune function and has been implicated in several autoimmune disorders. Here we use 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the gut microbiome in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS, n=60) and healthy controls (n=43). Microbiome alterations in MS include increases in Methanobrevibacter and Akkermansia and decreases in Butyricimonas, and correlate with variations in the expression of genes involved in dendritic cell maturation, interferon signalling and NF-kB signalling pathways in circulating T cells and monocytes. Patients on disease-modifying treatment show increased abundances of Prevotella and Sutterella, and decreased Sarcina, compared with untreated patients. MS patients of a second cohort show elevated breath methane compared with controls, consistent with our observation of increased gut Methanobrevibacter in MS in the first cohort. Further study is required to assess whether the observed alterations in the gut microbiome play a role in, or are a consequence of, MS pathogenesis. The gut microbiome has been implicated in several autoimmune disorders. Here, the authors study the gut microbiome of patients with multiple sclerosis, and find correlations between altered abundance of certain gut microorganisms and changes in expression of immune defence genes.

Subfields: Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9bc476945dffb015d7603f63045282546bf52f28

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Citations in the corpus

The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids From Gut Microbiota in Gut-Brain Communication (2020, background): “Among its etiological factors, the imbalance between pro and anti-inflammatory cells in the immune system seems to play an important role, which is highly affected by the gut microbiota composition and can be aggravated by dysbiosis (104, 176, 177).”
Altered Bile Acid Profile Associates with Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease – An Emerging Role for Gut Microbiome (2018, background): “Changes in the composition of intestinal bacterial populations are associated with a wide array of neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders including multiple sclerosis, autism, depression, schizophrenia, and Parkinson’s disease[70-72].”
Gut microbiota from multiple sclerosis patients enables spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice (2017, result): “These signatures were not seen in our cohort, nor were they reported in another independent screening (27).”
Gut bacteria from multiple sclerosis patients modulate human T cells and exacerbate symptoms in mouse models (2017, positive): “There is growing evidence of population differences in the gut microbiota in multiple human autoimmune diseases (7, 8), including multiple sclerosis (MS) (9 – 12).”