A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19)

By T. Singhal. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2020

3,254 citations recorded by the source corpus.

There is a new public health crises threatening the world with the emergence and spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through yet unknown intermediary animals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019. There have been around 96,000 reported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) and 3300 reported deaths to date (05/03/2020). The disease is transmitted by inhalation or contact with infected droplets and the incubation period ranges from 2 to 14 d. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some (usually the elderly and those with comorbidities), it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. Many people are asymptomatic. The case fatality rate is estimated to range from 2 to 3%. Diagnosis is by demonstration of the virus in respiratory secretions by special molecular tests. Common laboratory findings include normal/ low white cell counts with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). The computerized tomographic chest scan is usually abnormal even in those with no symptoms or mild disease. Treatment is essentially supportive; role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. Prevention entails home isolation of suspected cases and those with mild illnesses and strict infection control measures at hospitals that include contact and droplet precautions. The virus spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. The global impact of this new epidemic is yet uncertain.

Subfields: Infectious Diseases, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9ba90347cdedd122a6fc8fd3baf1d15f3911e6c2

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In Infectious Diseases

In Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

Citations in the corpus

Attention-based VGG-16 model for COVID-19 chest X-ray image classification (2020, background): “It is believed to have originated from Wuhan city of China [4].”
The COVID-19 Cytokine Storm; What We Know So Far (2020, background): “Elevation in creatinine or liver enzyme levels (ALT and AST) occurs in complicated cases progressing to multi-organ failure (18).”
Consideration of the Psychological and Mental Health of the Elderly during COVID-19: A Theoretical Review (2020, background): “Since 50% to 75% of Korean victims have underlying medical conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer, they are more vulnerable to COVID-19 and are classified as the high-risk group [19,20].”
Classification of the COVID-19 infected patients using DenseNet201 based deep transfer learning (2020, background): “The common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, cough, short breathing, sore throat, headache, and diarrhea (Singhal, 2020).”
Automated detection of COVID-19 cases using deep neural networks with X-ray images (2020, background): “The typical clinical features of COVID-19 include fever, cough, sore throat, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, and shortness of breath [7].”
A Comprehensive Review of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Role of IoT, Drones, AI, Blockchain, and 5G in Managing its Impact (2020, background): “To this end, the authors of [4] and [10] provide a brief overview of the COVID-19 outbreak in terms of its clinical features, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.”
Neural Networks Fail to Learn Periodic Functions and How to Fix It (2020, background): “Modeling the human body temperature may also be of huge importance; for example, fever is known as one of the most important symptom signifying a contagious condition, including COVID19 [13, 35].”
Within the Lack of Chest COVID-19 X-ray Dataset: A Novel Detection Model Based on GAN and Deep Transfer Learning (2020, background): “…as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) or the Wuhan virus [1]. family are alpha-CoV (α), beta-CoV ( The International Committee of Viruses titled the virus of 2019 as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the malady as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [2–4].”