DISCOVERIES FROM A NEAR-INFRARED PROPER MOTION SURVEY USING MULTI-EPOCH TWO MICRON ALL-SKY SURVEY DATA

By D. Kirkpatrick, D. Looper, A. Burgasser, S. Schurr, R. Cutri, M. Cushing, Kelle Cruz, A. Sweet, G. Knapp, Travis S. Barman and 5 more. 2010

215 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We have conducted a 4030 deg2 near-infrared proper motion survey using multi-epoch data from the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS). We find 2778 proper motion candidates, 647 of which are not listed in SIMBAD. After comparison to Digitized Sky Survey images, we find that 107 of our proper motion candidates lack counterparts at B, R, and I bands and are thus 2MASS-only detections. We present results of spectroscopic follow-up of 188 targets that include the infrared-only sources along with selected optical-counterpart sources with faint reduced proper motions or interesting colors. We also establish a set of near-infrared spectroscopic standards with which to anchor near-infrared classifications for our objects. Among the discoveries are six young field brown dwarfs, five “red L” dwarfs, three L-type subdwarfs, twelve M-type subdwarfs, eight “blue L” dwarfs, and several T dwarfs. We further refine the definitions of these exotic classes to aid future identification of similar objects. We examine their kinematics and find that both the “blue L” and “red L” dwarfs appear to be drawn from a relatively old population. This survey provides a glimpse of the kinds of research that will be possible through time-domain infrared projects such as the UKIDSS Large Area Survey, various VISTA surveys, and WISE, and also through z- or y-band enabled, multi-epoch surveys such as Pan-STARRS and LSST.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9b088328608bb4ab5a6e9d897f520ccc1e22ec3e

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Citations in the corpus

BANYAN. II. VERY LOW MASS AND SUBSTELLAR CANDIDATE MEMBERS TO NEARBY, YOUNG KINEMATIC GROUPS WITH PREVIOUSLY KNOWN SIGNS OF YOUTH (2013, background): “There are a few objects for which a very low precision radial velocity is available (Kirkpatrick et al. 2010), which we did not use because we have to assume that measurement errors are small in order to propagate them to errors on spatial velocities.”
BANYAN. VII. A NEW POPULATION OF YOUNG SUBSTELLAR CANDIDATE MEMBERS OF NEARBY MOVING GROUPS FROM THE BASS SURVEY (2015, methodology): “The spectral morphology of these templates is consistent with the Kirkpatrick et al. (2010) spectral standards but since they are an average of many objects, they also reflect the diversity of spectral morphologies present in each spectral type.”
THE EXTREMELY RED, YOUNG L DWARF PSO J318.5338−22.8603: A FREE-FLOATING PLANETARY-MASS ANALOG TO DIRECTLY IMAGED YOUNG GAS-GIANT PLANETS (2013, background): “Complicating this interpretation, however, is the existence of very red L dwarfs that do not show spectral signatures of youth (e.g. Kirkpatrick et al. 2010; Allers & Liu 2013).”
A NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF YOUNG FIELD ULTRACOOL DWARFS (2013, methodology): “We also include published spectra of objects thought to have dusty photospheres (Kirkpatrick et al. 2010; Looper et al. 2008).”
WEATHER ON OTHER WORLDS. II. SURVEY RESULTS: SPOTS ARE UBIQUITOUS ON L AND T DWARFS (2014, background): “These are more generally associated with enhanced dust content (Looper et al. 2008b; Kirkpatrick et al. 2010), which can be the result of low surface gravity.”
The Field Substellar Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20 pc Census of 525 L, T, and Y Dwarfs (2020, methodology): “Spectrum of WISE 2126+2530 (black) compared to the spectrum of the M8 standard van Biesbroeck 10 (red) from Kirkpatrick et al. (2010).”
FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS AND SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF YOUNG AND FIELD AGE OBJECTS WITH MASSES SPANNING THE STELLAR TO PLANETARY REGIME (2015, unknown): “…(29) Mace et al. (2013), (30) Kirkpatrick et al. (2008), (31) Reid et al. (2008), (32) Chiu et al. (2006), (33) Burgasser et al. (2008c), (34) Kirkpatrick et al. (2010), (35) Kirkpatrick et al. (1999), (36) Burgasser et al. (2008a), (37) Burgasser et al. (2003a), (38) Cruz et al. (2004b),…”
THE HAWAII INFRARED PARALLAX PROGRAM. II. YOUNG ULTRACOOL FIELD DWARFS (2016, methodology): “5/L5 fld-g): Kirkpatrick et al. (2010) assign a near-IR type of L5 pec (red), while we assign a type of L5 fld-g to their spectrum without a peculiar flag.”