Role of disjoining pressure in cement based materials

By F. Beltzung, F. H. Wittmann. 2005

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Prediction of self-desiccation in low water-to-cement ratio pastes based on pore structure evolution (2013, background): “According to this approach [19-21], the disjoining pressure represents the main driving force for shrinkage or swelling, even in the high RH range.”
Microstructural and bulk property changes in hardened cement paste during the first drying process (2014, background): “The driving force behind the shrinkage of hcp has been extensively discussed and several driving forces, such as surface free energy, capillary tension force, disjoining pressure, and various combinations of these forces, have been proposed [2,30,31,59–62].”
Transport properties of concrete after drying-wetting regimes to elucidate the effects of moisture content, hysteresis and microcracking (2017, background): “Dehydration of the Aft and AFm phases [39] and partial collapse of C-S-H sheets occur due to high surface energy or disjoining pressures [40], which in turn densifies the C-S-H and increases the size of capillary pores.”