Understanding operational regimes of closed loop pulsating heat pipes: an experimental study

By S. Khandekar, N. Dollinger, M. Groll. 2003

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Local heat transfer measurement and thermo-fluid characterization of a pulsating heat pipe (2014, background): “[17] generated valuable information by showing the effect of different fluids, filling ratios and inclination angles on the thermal performance of PHPs.”
Start-up, heat transfer and flow characteristics of silicon-based micro pulsating heat pipes (2012, background): “It has been pointed out that the thermophysical properties of the working fluids influence the motion of liquid-vapor interfaces in a PHP, and high (dP/dT)sat (creating larger pressure difference between the evaporator and the condenser), low dynamic viscosity (causing smaller flow resistance), low ”
A review of small heat pipes for electronics (2016, background): “Although the values of dynamic viscosity, latent heat, and surface tension for FC-72 were less than that of R113, which is favourable for the heat transfer of an MHP [130], R-113, which had higher (dP/dT)sat value, could lower the evaporator temperature.”
Design and operation of a Tesla-type valve for pulsating heat pipes (2017, unknown): “It is known that circulation of the working ﬂuid contributes to a better performance of the PHP [12–14].”