Advances in Our Understanding of Oxylipins Derived from Dietary PUFAs.
By M. Gabbs, S. Leng, J. Devassy, Md Monirujjaman, H. Aukema. Advances in Nutrition, 2015
711 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Oxylipins formed from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are the main mediators of PUFA effects in the body. They are formed via cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and cytochrome P450 pathways, resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, mono-, di-, and tri-hydroxy fatty acids (FAs), epoxy FAs, lipoxins, eoxins, hepoxilins, resolvins, protectins (also called neuroprotectins in the brain), and maresins. In addition to the well-known eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid, recent developments in lipidomic methodologies have raised awareness of and interest in the large number of oxylipins formed from other PUFAs, including those from the essential FAs and the longer-chain n-3 (ω-3) PUFAs. Oxylipins have essential roles in normal physiology and function, but can also have detrimental effects. Compared with the oxylipins derived from n-3 PUFAs, oxylipins from n-6 PUFAs generally have greater activity and more inflammatory, vasoconstrictory, and proliferative effects, although there are notable exceptions. Because PUFA composition does not necessarily reflect oxylipin composition, comprehensive analysis of the oxylipin profile is necessary to understand the overall physiologic effects of PUFAs mediated through their oxylipins. These analyses should include oxylipins derived from linoleic and α-linolenic acids, because these largely unexplored bioactive oxylipins constitute more than one-half of oxylipins present in tissues. Because collated information on oxylipins formed from different PUFAs is currently unavailable, this review provides a detailed compilation of the main oxylipins formed from PUFAs and describes their functions. Much remains to be elucidated in this emerging field, including the discovery of more oxylipins, and the understanding of the differing biological potencies, kinetics, and isomer-specific activities of these novel PUFA metabolites.
Subfields: Biochemistry, Nutrition and Dietetics, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/99119c22e9e47b6c6a97787ca5c25baa528cde40
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In Biochemistry
In Nutrition and Dietetics
Citations in the corpus
- Strengthening the Immune System and Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through Diet and Nutrition: Considerations during the COVID-19 Crisis (2020, background): “Omega-6 FAs such as arachidonic acid are primarily pro-inflammatory [75,131,132], constituting precursors of several pro-inflammatory mediators including eicosanoids (a subset of oxylipins) such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes derived from cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes, resp”
- Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes. (2019, background): “known eicosanoids, and the list continues to grow as the sensitivity of mass spectrometers continues to improve (94, 156).”