Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Bell's Theorem with Entangled Photons.

By M. Giustina, M. Versteegh, S. Wengerowsky, J. Handsteiner, A. Hochrainer, K. Phelan, F. Steinlechner, Johannes Kofler, Jan-Åke Larsson, C. Abellán and 12 more. Physical Review Letters, 2015

1,321 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Local realism is the worldview in which physical properties of objects exist independently of measurement and where physical influences cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Bell's theorem states that this worldview is incompatible with the predictions of quantum mechanics, as is expressed in Bell's inequalities. Previous experiments convincingly supported the quantum predictions. Yet, every experiment requires assumptions that provide loopholes for a local realist explanation. Here, we report a Bell test that closes the most significant of these loopholes simultaneously. Using a well-optimized source of entangled photons, rapid setting generation, and highly efficient superconducting detectors, we observe a violation of a Bell inequality with high statistical significance. The purely statistical probability of our results to occur under local realism does not exceed 3.74×10^{-31}, corresponding to an 11.5 standard deviation effect.

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9643d5c18ab56abf0d75af847f91767a956f934d

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Citations in the corpus

Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (2018, neutral): “Twoof themused SPDC for that purpose [43,44].”
Imaging with quantum states of light (2019, methodology): “It was also used in two realisations of the loophole free Bell test experiment [25, 26].”
Twisted photons: new quantum perspectives in high dimensions (2017, neutral): “[36] Marissa Giustina, Marijn AM Versteegh, Sören Wengerowsky, Johannes Handsteiner, Armin”
Quantum random number generators (2016, result): “A series of ever more sophisticated experiments is closing alternative explanations and confirm the predictions of quantum theory (Giustina et al., 2015; Hensen et al., 2015; Shalm et al., 2015).”
A strong no-go theorem on the Wigner’s friend paradox (2019, neutral): “[33] Giustina, M.”
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for quantum information (2020, methodology): “cal realist interpretation of the experimental results [187]. In 2015, by simultaneously closing two main loopholes, three teams independently confirmed that we must definitely renounce local realism [63; 188; 189]; one team at National Institute of Standards and Technologies (NIST) closed the detec”