The Pathogenesis of Sepsis
By D. Stearns-Kurosawa, M. Osuchowski, Catherine Valentine, S. Kurosawa, D. Remick. Annual Review of Pathology, 2011
797 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Sepsis is a serious clinical condition that represents a patient’s response to a severe infection and has a very high mortality rate. Normal immune and physiologic responses eradicate pathogens, and the pathophysiology of sepsis is due to the inappropriate regulation of these normal reactions. In an ideal scenario, the first pathogen contact with the inflammatory system should eliminate the microbe and quickly return the host to homeostasis. The septic response may accelerate due to continued activation of neutrophils and macrophages/monocytes. Upregulation of lymphocyte costimulatory molecules and rapid lymphocyte apoptosis, delayed apoptosis of neutrophils, and enhanced necrosis of cells/tissues also contribute to the pathogenesis of sepsis. The coagulation system is closely tied to the inflammatory response, with cross talk between the two systems driving the dysregulated response. Biomarkers may be used to help diagnose patients with sepsis, and they may also help to identify patients who would benefit from immunomodulatory therapies.
Subfields: Epidemiology, Immunology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/94003deb0d51c8fd60f294568906de9561e2dacf
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Citations in the corpus
- Sepsis: current dogma and new perspectives. (2014, background): “…of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells is increased, the expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen (CTLA)-4-D152, which has been implicated as inhibitory costimulatory ligand, is enhanced, and CD86 is suppressed in T lymphocytes from severe sepsis patients (Stearns-Kurosawa et al., 2011).”