Green Cellular Networks: A Survey, Some Research Issues and Challenges

By Ziaul Hasan, Hamidreza Boostanimehr, Vijay K. Bhargava. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 2011

1,205 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Energy efficiency in cellular networks is a growing concern for cellular operators to not only maintain profitability, but also to reduce the overall environment effects. This emerging trend of achieving energy efficiency in cellular networks is motivating the standardization authorities and network operators to continuously explore future technologies in order to bring improvements in the entire network infrastructure. In this article, we present a brief survey of methods to improve the power efficiency of cellular networks, explore some research issues and challenges and suggest some techniques to enable an energy efficient or "green" cellular network. Since base stations consume a maximum portion of the total energy used in a cellular system, we will first provide a comprehensive survey on techniques to obtain energy savings in base stations. Next, we discuss how heterogenous network deployment based on micro, pico and femtocells can be used to achieve this goal. Since cognitive radio and cooperative relaying are undisputed future technologies in this regard, we propose a research vision to make these technologies more energy efficient. Lastly, we explore some broader perspectives in realizing a "green" cellular network technology.

Subfields: Computer Networks and Communications, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/93b9dd74c39f5888ab73a9a745f28d23401b0fcc

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In Computer Networks and Communications

1. Rui Zhang
2. Qingqing Wu
3. Yong Zeng
4. Lajos Hanzo
5. M. Di Renzo
6. Geoffrey Y. Li
7. Ali Ghrayeb
8. Harald Haas

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

1. Rui Zhang
2. Qingqing Wu
3. M. Di Renzo
4. Lajos Hanzo
5. Chau Yuen
6. Merouane Debbah
7. Yong Zeng
8. Geoffrey Y. Li

Citations in the corpus

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• Energy-Efficient UAV Communication With Trajectory Optimization (2016, background): “from those in the existing literature on terrestrial communication systems [15], [16].”
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• Energy-Efficient Information and Communication Infrastructures in the Smart Grid: A Survey on Interactions and Open Issues (2015, background): “Interested readers can refer to [13]–[16] for energy efficient wireless communications, [17], [18] for energy efficient optical commu-”
• Accessing From the Sky: A Tutorial on UAV Communications for 5G and Beyond (2019, background): “Thus, the energy-efficient design of UAV communication is more involved than that for the conventional terrestrial systems considering the communication energy only [18], [19].”
• Energy Efficiency Tradeoff Mechanism Towards Wireless Green Communication: A Survey (2016, background): “Survey in [42] presented a brief survey of current efforts for the standardization of the green metrics, the challenges that lay ahead and also considered the energy consumption issue in heterogeneous cognitive networks.”
• Spatial Modulation for Generalized MIMO: Challenges, Opportunities, and Implementation (2014, background): “This allows the BSs to turn off the related RF chains with filters and mixers, which saves additional power.”
• A Survey on Resource Allocation for 5G Heterogeneous Networks: Current Research, Future Trends, and Challenges (2020, background): “2) Microcell Networks: A microcell network [47] is served by a low-power BS which is always developed in the densely populated urban area, such as shopping malls.”
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