Elevated body mass index is associated with executive dysfunction in otherwise healthy adults.

By J. Gunstad, R. Paul, Ronald Cohen, D. Tate, M. Spitznagel, E. Gordon. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2007

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Reward, dopamine and the control of food intake: implications for obesity (2010, neutral): “cerebrovascular pathology, hypertension and diabetes) are known to affect cognition adversely, there is also evidence that high BMI, by itself, might impair various cognitive domains, particularly executive function [75].”
Low dopamine striatal D2 receptors are associated with prefrontal metabolism in obese subjects: Possible contributing factors (2008, background): “Similarly impulsivity has been linked with high BMI in some populations (Fassino et al., 2003) and in healthy controls BMI has also been associated with performance in tasks of executive function that mediate impulsivity (Gunstad et al., 2007).”
Interplay between preclinical indices of obesity and neural signatures of fluid intelligence in youth (2024, unknown): “De ﬁ cits in executive function have been implicated in both adult 25 – 28 and pediatric 11,12,15,29,30 participants with obesity and overweight.”